Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Orthodoxy in the British Isles"
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*63 Apostle of Britain [[Apostle Aristobulus|Aristobulus]] consecrated as first bishop to Britain. | *63 Apostle of Britain [[Apostle Aristobulus|Aristobulus]] consecrated as first bishop to Britain. | ||
*140 ''Romans conquer Scotland'' | *140 ''Romans conquer Scotland'' | ||
− | *180 Protomartyr of Wales, St. [[Dyfan of Merthyr]] martyred at Merthyr Dyfan, Wales. | + | *180 Protomartyr of Wales, St. [[Dyfan of Merthyr]] martyred at Merthyr Dyfan, Wales, [[May 14]]. |
*208 [[Tertullian]] writes that Christ has followers on the far side of the Roman wall in Britain where Roman legions have not yet penetrated. | *208 [[Tertullian]] writes that Christ has followers on the far side of the Roman wall in Britain where Roman legions have not yet penetrated. | ||
*283-305 Protomartyr of England, St. [[Alban]] <ref>The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles list the year of St. Alban's execution as 283 not as 305.</ref><ref>St. Alban is first mentioned in "Acta Martyrum", and also by Constantius of Lyon in his Life of St. Germanus of Auxerre, written about 480</ref>, [[June 22]]. | *283-305 Protomartyr of England, St. [[Alban]] <ref>The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles list the year of St. Alban's execution as 283 not as 305.</ref><ref>St. Alban is first mentioned in "Acta Martyrum", and also by Constantius of Lyon in his Life of St. Germanus of Auxerre, written about 480</ref>, [[June 22]]. |
Revision as of 23:11, May 26, 2009
This article is marked as in progress by {{{1}}}, who is actively developing it. It has yet to achieve a stable or complete form and is currently being worked on. Please carefully consider before making major edits to this article. |
The early Christian writers Tertullian and Origen mention the existence of a British church in the third century AD and in the fourth century British bishops attended a number of councils, such as the Council of Arles in 314 and the Council of Rimini in 359.
The first member of the British church whom we know by name is St Alban, who, tradition tells us, was martyred for his faith on the spot where St Albans Abbey now stands.
The British church was a missionary church with figures such as St Illtud, St Ninian and St Patrick evangelising in Wales, Scotland and Ireland, but the invasions by the pagan Angles, Saxons and Jutes in the fifth century seem to have destroyed the organisation of the church in much of what is now England. In 597 a mission sent by St Gregory the Dialogist and led by St Augustine of Canterbury landed in Kent to begin the work of converting these pagan peoples.
What eventually became known as the "Church of England" [1] was the result of a combination of three traditions, that of Augustine and his successors, the remnants of the old Romano-British traditions and the Celtic tradition coming down from Scotland and associated with people like St Aidan and St Cuthbert.
These three traditions came together as a result of increasing mutual contact and a number of local synods, of which the Synod of Whitby in 664 has traditionally been seen as the most important. The result was an English Church, led by the two Archbishops of Canterbury and York, that was fully assimilated into the mainstream Church. This meant that it was influenced by the wider development of the Christian tradition in matters such as theology, liturgy, church architecture, and the development of monasticism.
Regarding the British Isles, what is known about the state of the Church there at the time of the Great Schism is that subsequent to the Norman Invasion in 1066, church life was radically altered. Native clergy were replaced, liturgical reform enacted, and a strong emphasis on papal church control was propagated. As such, it is probably safe to say that, prior to 1066, the church of the British Isles was Orthodox, and the Normans brought the effects of the Great Schism to British soil. As such, it is probably proper to regard King Harold II as an Orthodox Christian.
It also meant that after King Harold II, the English church continued under the authority of the "Pope" and not with Orthodoxy and this article does not consider the historical development of the "Church of England" after this date.
Orthodoxy was reintroduced by the Church of Greece and by Russia ... [to be developed] ...
The greatest contributor towards documenting the ecclesiastical and political history of England is attested to St. Bede, who completed in 731 five volumes of his best known work The Ecclesiastical History of England.
Contents
Apostolic Era
According to the compilers of the Synaxarion, three members of the Apostolic Church had been responsible for preaching the Gospel in Britain:
- Apostle Peter who, after visiting Milan, had "passed over to the island of Britain, now called England, (where) he spent many years and turned many erring Gentiles to faith in Christ";
- Apostle Aristobulus (brother of St. Barnabas), who is called the Apostle of Britain and who was its first bishop; and
- Apostle Simon the Canaanite and Zealot. In these Islands, the Celtic Church had shone forth - especially during the glorious period known as the "Age of Saints" when its missionaries preached throughout much of Europe, becoming 'Equals to the Apostles';
- Ireland had been a place of refuge for monks fleeing from iconoclastic persecution; so, later, it was referred to as "the New Thebais" on account of the number of its monasteries.
Roman Britian (43-410)
- 37 Joseph of Arimathea travels to Britain and lands in Glastonbury.
- 43 Roman Emperor Claudius conquers England, making it part of the vast Roman Empire.
- 63 Apostle of Britain Aristobulus consecrated as first bishop to Britain.
- 140 Romans conquer Scotland
- 180 Protomartyr of Wales, St. Dyfan of Merthyr martyred at Merthyr Dyfan, Wales, May 14.
- 208 Tertullian writes that Christ has followers on the far side of the Roman wall in Britain where Roman legions have not yet penetrated.
- 283-305 Protomartyr of England, St. Alban [2][3], June 22.
- 304 Repose of Amphibalus at Verulamium (St Albans), Hertfordshire, June 25; Julius and Aaron [4] martyred at Caerleon, Britain, July 1 under the persecutions of the Emperor Diocletian; Socrates and Stephanus martyred in Monmouthsire, September 17 under the persecutions of the Emperor Diocletian [5]
- 307 The Church in Britain enjoys peace from the persecutions
- 325 First Ecumenical Council of Nicea convened by the Roman Emperor Constantine.
- 350 Ninian establishes the church Candida Casa at Whithorn in Galloway, Scotland, beginning the missionary effort to the Picts.
- 380 Pelagius [6] enters Britain from Rome and introduces the Heresy of Pelagianism.[7]
- 383 Rome appoints Magnus Maximus as emperor in Britain while conquering Gaul, Spain and Italy
- 390 Patrick born at Kilpatrick, Scotland.
- 403 Abduction of Patrick to Ireland to serve as a slave; visit of Victricius of Rouen to Britain;
- 406 Invasion of Gaul by Germanic tribes, severing contact between Rome and Britain.
- 410 Escape of Patrick back to Britain; Emperor Honorius tells Britain to attend to its own affairs, effectively removing the Roman presence.
- Dates Required:
- These events have been referenced in St. Bede's Ecclesiastical History and require to be edited into this period of British history with dates. Help is welcome:
- Caius Julius Caesar, the first Roman that came into Britain
- Claudius, the second of the Romans who came into Britain, brought the Islands Orcades into subjection to the Roman Empire; and Vespian, sent by him, reduced the Isle of Wight under their dominion
- Lucius, king of Britain, writing to St. Eleutherus, desires to be made a Christian
- How the Emperor Severus divided that part of Britain, which he subdued, from the rest by a rampart
- The reign of Diocletian, and how he persecuted the Christians
- How, in the reign of Arcadius, Pelagius, a Briton, insolently impugned the grace of God
- How, during the reign of Honorus, Gratian and Constantine were created tyrants in Britain; and soon after the former was slain in Britain, and the latter in Gaul
- The Britons, being ravaged by the Scots and Picts, sought succor from the Romans, who, coming a second time, built a wall across the island; but the Britons being again invaded by the aforesaid enemies, were reduced to greater distress than before
Medieval Period (410-1485)
Early British Kingdoms: Era of Celtic Missionaries (410-597)
- 410 Probable end of Roman occupation of Britain; Pelagian is driven out of Britain by the Goths of Alaric and moves to Palestine.
- 412 Patrick of Ireland has a vision of God informing him that he will leave for Ireland.
- 415 Pelagianism is attacked at the Council of Diospolis
- 418 Pelagianism is condemned at the Council of Carthage
- 419 King Brychan of Brecknock born, circa 419, in South Wales.
- 429 Celestine I dispatches prominent Gallo-Roman Bishops Germanus of Auxerre and Lupus of Troyes to Britain as missionary bishops and to combat the Pelagian heresy.
- 430 Patrick ordained by St. Germannus, Bishop of Auxerre.
- 431 Augustine and Pelagius;
- 432 Patrick sent from Aesir in Gaul to mission to Ireland.
- 440 Materiana born in Gwent of Wales.
- 445 Founding of monastery at Armagh in northern Ireland.
- 447 Germannus returns to Britain with Severus and heals a lame youth, condemns Pelagian heretics.
- 450 First monasteries established in Wales; Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britian.
- 455 Germanic Saxons and Angles conquer Britain, founding several independent kingdoms.
- 459 Repose of Auxilius of Ireland[8]
- 461 Repose of the Holy Hierarch St. Patrick, the Apostle of Ireland, at Saul, Downpatrick, Ireland March 17 [9]
- 484 Brendan the Navigator born at Tralee in Kerry, Ireland.
- 490 Brigid of Kildaire founds monastery of Kildare in Ireland.
- 493 Gildas the Wise born in the lower valley of the Clyde in central Scotland [10].
- 521 Birth of Columba of Iona.
- 525 Repose of St. Brigid of Kildaire, February 1; Gildas the Wise studies under St. Illtyd and travels to Ireland with David of Wales and Cadoc, here he is ordained to the priesthood.
- 530 Brendan the Navigator lands in Newfoundland, Canada, establishing a short-lived community of Irish monks.
- 540 Kentigern appointed bishop to Strathclyde Britons (modern Glasgow).
- 545 Synod of Brefi at Llandewi Brefi in Wales condemns Pelagianism; Saint David of Wales moved the Primatial See of Britain from Caerleon to Menevia (St. Davids's).
- 546 Columba founds monastery of Derry in Ireland.
- 547 Saint David of Wales does obeisance to the Patriarch of Jerusalem.
- 550 Repose of St. Jarlath of Tuam, first Bishop of Tuam, June 6; Aed of Ferns born at Inisbrefny, Ireland.
- 553 Kentigern, Bishop of Glasgow and Strathclyde exiled by pagans fleeing to Menevia, Wales.
- 556 Columba founds monastery of Durrow in Ireland.
- 557 Brendan the Navigator founds monastery at Clonfert, Ireland.
- 560 Gildas the Wise returns to Ireland at the invitation of King Ainmeric.
- 563 Columba arrives on Iona and establishes monastery there, founding mission to the Picts.
- 564 Death of Petroc.
- 569 David of Wales holds Synod of Victoria to re-assert the anti-Pelagian decrees of Brefi.
- 570 Repose of Gildas the Wise, January 29, his relics allowed to drift; relics of Gildas the Wise recovered and translated to the church in Rhuys, April 29.
- 573 Kentigern returns to Scotland after exile; Kentigern evangelises Galloway and Cumberland.
- 580 Aedan of Ferns returns to Ireland after studying under St. David in Wales.
- 581 Kentigern returns to Glasgow.
- 577 Repose of St. Brendan the Navigator, May 16.
- 587 Repose of David of Wales, March 1.
- 596 Gregory the Great sends Augustine [11] and forty monks to Britain to convert the Kingdom of Kent; Augustine first preaches in the Isle of Thanet to King Ethelbert and receives license to enter Kent.
- 597 Death of Columba of Iona.
Anglo-Saxon England: Founding of the English Orthodox Church (597-1066)
According to historians, during this period St. Non, the mother of St. David of Wales, and the daughter of the nobleman Cynyr of Caer Goch of Pembrokeshire, reposed and St. Materiana of Cornwall, April 9, reposed early 6th-century at Minster of Cornwall.
- 597 Repose of Columba of Iona, enlightener of Scotland, June 9.
- 598 Brandon mac Echac (d. 603) convence a synod at which the Diocese of Ferns is made an episcopal see and Aedan of Ferns is made the first Bishop; Glastonbury Abbey founded; the Church in the British Isles numbers 120 bishops, hundreds of monasteries and parishes organized under a Primate with his See at Menevia.
- 7th century Celtic missions are launched in Northumbria (Aidan, Cuthbert).
- 601 Augustine of Canterbury converts King Ethelbert of Kent and establishes See of Canterbury; death of David of Wales, Bishop of Menevia; Gregory sends the St Augustine Gospels to Augustine of Canterbury[12]
- 602 Augustine repares the church of our Saviour and builds the monastery of St. Peter the Apostle, "Peter" is the first abbot of the same.
- 603 Repose of Kentigern of Glasgow, January 11; Ethelfrid, king of the Northumbrians, having vanquished the nations of the Scots, expels them from the territories of the English.
- 604 First Bishop of London, Mellitus consecrated by Augustine in the province of East Saxons; Repose of Saint Augustine of Canterbury "Apostle to the English" May 26; Saint Laurence of Canterbury consecrated as the second Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 612 Repose of Dubricius of Caerleon, Archbishop of Caerleon and Wales, November 14.
- 618 Repose of abbot Donnan & his monk companions in Eigg, April 17.
- 619 Repose of Laurence of Canterbury, February 3; Mellitus consecrated as third Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 624 Repose of Mellitus, first Bishop of London, April 24.
- 628 Benedict Biscop born in Northumbria.
- 630 Audrey of Ely born in West Suffolk.
- 632 Repose of Aed of Ferns, [13] Bishop of Ferns in Ireland, January 31.
- 635 Cuthbert born in Britain.
- 640 Repose of Beuno the Wonderworker, Abbot of Clynnog, April 21 [14].
- 647 Repose of Felix of Burgundy, Apostle of East Anglia, March 8.
- 650 (Fursey of Lagny, January 7) citation needed
- 651 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne witnesses the soul of St. Aidan of Lindisfarne reposing as a light in the night sky and leaves for Melrose Abbey to become a monk; Repose of St. Aidan of Lindisfarne, enlightener of Northumbria of Northern England, August 31.
- 653 Benedict Biscop and Wilfred the Elder set off to visit Rome.
- 661 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne and Eata join a monastery at Ripon.
- 664 Synod of Whitby; Cuthbert stricken by the great pestilence; repose of St. Boisil, abbot of Melrose Abbey, Scotland, February 23 [15].
- 668 Gerald of Mayo follows Colman and settles in Innisboffin.
- 669 Theodore of Tarsus arrives in Kent at the age of seven.
- 670 Colman founds an English monastery, separate to the irish, the "Mayo of the Saxons"[16], with Gerald of Mayo as the first abbot.
- 672 Repose of Chad of Lichfield and Mercia, March 2.
- 673 Historian Bede born.
- 675 Repose of Ethelburgh, first abbess of the Convent of Barking
- 676 Cuthbert becomes a solitary on Farne Island.
- 679 Repose of Audrey of Ely.
- 680 Repose of Botolph of Iken, June 17; Repose of St. Hilda of Whitby, November 17; Sussex is the last part of England to be converted to Christianity.
- 681 Repose of Caedmon, February 11 [17]
- 685 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne consecrated Bishop of Lindisfarne, March 26, by St. Theodore
- 686 Repose of Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, March 20.
- 689 Repose of Benedict Biscop, abbot, in Wearmouth, Co Durham, January 12.
- 690 Repose of Theodore of Tarsus, eighth Archbishop of Canterbury, September 19
- 694 Repose of Sebbe, founder of the monastery of Westiminster.
- 693 Repose of Erconwald, Bishop of London.
- 696 Incorrupt body of Audrey of Ely found.
- 697 Gerald of Mayo resigns as abbot of the "Mayo of the Saxons" in favour of St. Adamnan; Relics of Cuthbert of Lindisfarne revealed to be incorrupt.
- 703 Gerald of Mayo resumes the abbacy of the "Mayo of the Saxons".
- 709 Repose of Wilfrid, Bishop of Hexham, April 24.
- 714 Repose of Guthlac of Crowland, the hermit, April 11.
- 716 Repose of Donald of Ogilvry, confessor of Scotland, July 15..
- 731 repose of Gerald, Bishop of Mayo and english monk, March 13; Bede writes "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People"'
- 735 Repose of Venerable Bede, May 25.
Viking Age (793-1066)
- 869 King Edmund of East Anglia, martyred November 20.
- 870 Repose of Ss. Beocca and Hethor, the two martyrs of Chertsey.
- 890 Bede's Ecclesiastical History was translated into Old English at the insistence of Alfred the Great.
- 899 Repose of King Alfred the Great, October 26.
- 903 Relics of King Alfred the Great [18] translated to New Minster Abbey.
- 934 Death of Birnstan of Winchester.
- 935 Relics of St. Branwallader (or Brelade translated by King Athelstan to Milton Abbey [19].
- 955 Repose of King Edred of England, November 23.
- 988 Repose of St. Dunstan of Canterbury, Bishop of London.
- 1002 Repose of St. Wulsin, renewer of the Monastery of St. Peter.
- 1012 Repose of St. Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury martyred to the east of London at Greenwich, April 19.
Anglo-Norman Britain: Latin Continental Ecclesiology Formalized (1066-1154)
- 1066 Repose of the last Orthodox King of England, Harold of England, October 14.
- 1104 Relics of Cuthbert of Lindisfarne translated [20] from Lindisfarne to Durham Cathedral, September 4.
- Relics of St. Boisil are translated to Durham Cathedral by the priest Ælfred.
High Middle Ages: Plantaganet Era (1154-1485)
- No information yet
Early Modern Era (1485-1801)
Tudor Era (1485-1603)
- No information yet
Elizabethan Era (1558-1603)
- No information yet
Stuart Age: Civil War and Revolution (1603-1714)
Great Schism. Church of England no longer with the Eastern Orthodox church. Orthodoxy re-establishes in Great Britain around the 16-17th century. citation needed
Jacobean Era (1603-1625)
- No information yet
Caroline Era (1625-1642)
- No information yet
Interregnum: Commonwealth of England (1649-1660)
- No information yet
English (Stuart) Restoration (1660-1689)
- 1670 Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain established by priest Daniel Voulgaris first Greek Orthodox Community in London.
- 1676 Arrival of Joseph Georgerines, Archbisop of Samos.
- 1677 "Greek St Church to the Panagia" erected for the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain [21]
- 1684 "Greek St Church to the Panagia" confiscated and handed over to Huguenot refugees from France. Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain forced to worship for the next 150 years in the Imperial Russian Embassy.
United Kingdom of Great Britian (1707-1801)
Georgian Era (1714-1837)
- 1738 Print 'Noon' [22] by William Hogarth [23] shows evidence of a crowd exiting a Greek Orthodox church.
Modern Era (1801-Present)
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1927)
Victorian Era (1837-1901)
- 1837 Imperial Russian Embasy offers hospitality in Finsbury Park, London to the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain community for their religious activities.
- ca. 1840-1927 St. Arsenios of Cappadocia prophesised that "The Church in the British Isles will only begin to truly grow again when it begins to venerate once more its own saints".
- 1850 Greek Orthodox church built in London Street in the City.
- 1868 Tsar Nicholas Alexandrovich Romanov born May 6.
- 1877 Greek Orthodox Church of the Divine Wisdom (St Sophia) in Bayswater built.
- 1884 Nicholas II of Russia meets Princess Alice Victoria Helen Louise Beatrix von Hessen-Darmstadt
- 1899 Bede is made a "Doctor of the Church" [24] by Leo XIII.
Edwardian Era (1901-1910)
- 1906 Greek Orthodox Church of Saint Nicholas built in Cardiff.
- 1908 Oecumenical Patriarchate transfers its rights for four Greek Orthodox community churches to Church of Greece.
- 1914 Anthony born in Lausanne, Russia.
- 1918 The family of Tsar Nicholas, Alexandra and their five children are lined up in their basement and shot, July 16.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1927-Present)
- 1922 the Holy Synod of the Oecumenical Patriarchate recognises the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain with London as its seat; Germanos Strinopoulos choses as first Bishop and Metropolitan of Thyateira.
- 1951 Repose of Germanoscitation needed; Succeeded by Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain;
- 1958 Elder Sophrony (Sakharov) seeks a monastic life in Essex of London.
- 1959 Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist founded by Elder Sophrony in Tolleshunt Knights, Maldon, Essex under the jurisdiction of Metropolitan Anthony of Sourozh.
- 1962 Repose of Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain; Diocese of Sourozh founded by Metropolitan Anthony (Bloom) of Sourozh.
- 1964 Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain appointed Chancellor of the Archdiocese of Thyateira
- 1965 Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist moved under the Ecumenical Patriarchate; Nicholas Couris ordained a priest for ROCOR in Ireland.
- 1966 Repose of St. John Maximovitch, Archbishop of London July 2.
- 1970 Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain consecrated Bishop of Tropaeou, December 12; Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos) made auxiliary Bishop of Kyanea, December 19.
- 1975 Repose of Metropolitan Nikolaos of Halkis in a London hospital; the Greek Orthodox community of Saint Panteleimon of Harrow established[25]
- 1977 Death of Fr. Nicholas Couris
- 1978 Diocese of Sourozh buys the Cathedral of the Dormition and All Saints, in London's Ennismore Gardens.
- 1979 Repose of Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain succeeded by Archbishop Methodios (Fouyias); Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia appointed.
- 1980 The Antiochian Orthodox Society is established to serve the Arabic speaking and believing community.
- 1981 Redundant Anglican Church of St. Mary in Mary Street, Dublin handed to the Greek Orthodox Community of Dublin and Ireland blessed and dedicated to the Holy Annunciation by Archbishop Methodius of Thyateira, Great Britain and Ireland, May 24
- 1982 Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia consecrated as Bishop for the Thyateira and Great Britain
- 1988 Archbishop Methodios (Fouyias) replaced by Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain elected Archbishop of Thyateira and Great Britain and enthroned at the Cathedral of Sophia in West London, April 16
- 1991 The body of Nicholas II of Russia is exhumed in Yekaterinburg, Siberia.
- 1993 Repose of Elder Sophrony (Sakharov), July 11.
- 1995 Repose of Philip Sherrard, theologian May 30.
- 1996 St. Aidan's Antiochian Orthodox Church in Manchester consecrated by Metropolitan Gabriel (Saliby).
- 1998 Nicholas II of Russia and family properly laid to rest
- 1999 The Philokalia, Volume 4 published by Faber&Faber
- 2000 Theodoritos (Polyzogopoulos) of Nazianzos elected and consecrated Bishop of Nazianzos; the council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church unanimously recognise Nicholas, Alexandra and their five children as saints; Archdiocese of Thyateira annual Youth Conference held at Wood Green, North London, April 21; Monachos.net [26] online discussion community set up by M.C. Steenberg.
- 2001 Bishop Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia retires.
- 2005 Mission in Macclesfield dedicated to St. Theodore of Canterbury opens in September.
- 2006 the "Sourozh" drama plays out.
- 2007 Diocese of Diokleia elevated to Metropolis, March 30; Bishop Elisey of Sourozh consecrated;
- Repose of Metropolitan Gabriel Saliby (Antiochian);
- Bishop John Yazigi elected to Metropolitanate of Western and Central Europe, March 30
- 2008 Enthronement of Metropolitan John (Yazigi) of Western and Central Europe, September 20 for the Antiochian Orthodox Deanery of the United Kingdom and Ireland; Monachos.net, in partnership with Ancient Faith Radio, launch weekly internet podcasts "A Word From the Holy Fathers", December 1.
- 2009 Ordinary meeting of clergy held at the Diocese of Sourozh at the London Cathedral, February 28; Diocese of Sourozh Annual Conference May 22-25 held in Reigate, Surrey.
Notes
- Some of these dates are necessarily a bit vague, as records for some periods are particularly difficult to piece together accurately.
- The division of Church History into separate eras as done here will always be to some extent arbitrary, though it was attempted to group periods according to major watershed events.
- This timeline is necessarily biased toward the history of the Orthodox Church, though a number of non-Orthodox or purely political events are mentioned for their importance in history related to Orthodoxy or for reference.
- Unknown dates
If you know the dates for these events, please assist us
- G. E. Palmer, Philip Sherrard and Bishop Kallistos Ware translate and publish four volumes of the Philokalia into English; Bishop Kallistos Ware and Mother Mary produced English translations of the Lenten Triodion and Festal Menaion.
- Grand Duchess St. Elizabeth (a grand-daughter of Queen Victoria and a great-aunt of Prince Philip) and St. John Maximovich, who have been associated with them in the recent past.
- The memory of Brother Lazaros, killed (some would say, martyred) within the Cathedral at Camberwell, remains vivid...
- Monastery of St. John the Baptist in Essex, which depends directly on the Oecumenical Patriarchate and whose Founder was the saintly Archimandrite Sophrony, a pupil of St. Silouanos of the Holy Mountain.
See also
External links
Greek Orthodox Church in Great Britain
- Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain - Orthodoxy in the British Isles
Russian Orthodox Church in Great Britain
- Diocese of Sourozh under the Patriarchate of Moscow
- Russian Orthodox Church in Ireland
Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of Western and Central Europe
For more information on the United Kingdom and Ireland visit:
- http://www.antiochgreekorth.co.uk/
- http://www.antiochian-orthodox.co.uk/index.html
- http://www.london.antiochian.org.uk/default.asp
- http://www.yorkthodox.org.uk
Further Reading
- Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People, excerpts (from the Internet Medieval Sourcebook)
References
- ↑ The "Church of England" (the Ecclesia Anglicana - or the English Church)
- ↑ The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles list the year of St. Alban's execution as 283 not as 305.
- ↑ St. Alban is first mentioned in "Acta Martyrum", and also by Constantius of Lyon in his Life of St. Germanus of Auxerre, written about 480
- ↑ The earliest authority for their existence is St. Gildas in De Excidio Britanniae.
- ↑ Ss. Socrates and Stephanus appear in the Martyrologion Hieronymianum MS.50 from Trinity College, Dublin (11th-century) and one of the earliest amplifications of Bede's martyrology. Tradition holds them to be disciples of St. Amphibalus.
- ↑ St. Jerome suggests that this Pelagius was of Scottish descent but in such terms that it is uncertain as to whether he was from Scotland or Ireland. He is also frequently referred to as a British monk and Augustine has been documented as referring to him as "Brito" to distinguish him from Pelagius of Tarentum.
- ↑ http://www.seanmultimedia.com/Pie_Pelagius_Synod_Lydda_415AD.html
- ↑ St. Auxilius of Ireland: The date of death is also given as 454 or 455, see Sabine Baring-Gould, The Lives of the Saints (J. Hodges, 1898), 275.
- ↑ When he came to Ireland, as its enlightener, it was a pagan country; when he ended his earthly life some thirty years later, about 461, the Faith of Christ was established in every corner." (Great Horologion) The work of St Patrick and his brethren has been called the most successful single missionary venture in the history of the Church.
- ↑ The date of St. Gildas' birth can only tentatively be placed to the decades either side of the beginning of the Sixth Century. St. Bede indirectly suggests the year 493 for this event and this is the date adopted for this article.
- ↑ Saint Augustine of Canterbury is also called the "Apostle to the English".
- ↑ The "St Augustine Gospels" manuscript is the oldest surviving Latin illustrated Gospel book in existence.
- ↑ A bronze reliquary in which the relics of St. Aed of Ferns are kept is currently preserved in Dublin.
- ↑ St. Beuno the Wonderworker, Abbot of Clynnog, was uncle to St. Winefride of Treffynon, November 3, whom he also restored to life.
- ↑ Almost all that is known of St. Boisol or Boswell, is learn from St. Bede (Eccles. Hist., IV, xxvii, and Vita Cuthberti).
- ↑ The Mayo (Magh Eo, the yew plain), known as "Mayo of the Saxons". St. Bede writes of this monastery: "This monastery is to this day (731) occupied by English monks... and contains an exemplary body who gathered there from England, and live by the labour of their own hands (after the manner of the early Fathers), under a rule and canonical abbot, leading chaste and single lives."
- ↑ Cædmon is said to have taken holy orders at an advanced age and it is implied that he lived at Streonæshalch at least in part during Hilda’s abbacy (657–680). Book IV Chapter 25 of the Historia ecclesiastica appears to suggest that Cædmon’s death occurred at about the same time as the fire at Coldingham Abbey, an event dated in the E text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to 679, but after 681 by Bede.
- ↑ Considered a local Saint by the Orthodox church of England but not formally canonised.
- ↑ The proper name of Milton Abbey is the Abbey Church of St. Mary, St. Samson and St. Branwalader.
- ↑ His [St. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne] body was still found to be untouched by decay, giving off "an odour of the sweetest fragrancy", and "from the flexibility of its joints representing a person asleep rather than dead.
- ↑ "In the year of salvation 1677 this Temple was erected for the nation of the Greeks, the Most Serene Charles II being King, and the Roual Prince Lord James being commander of the foreces, the Right Reverend Lord Henry Compton being Bishop, at the expense of the above and other Bishops and Nobles and with the concurrence of our Humility of Samos Joseph Georgeirenes, from the island of Melos." - Inscription from tablet carved in Greek preserved on the west wall of the church Charing Cross Road. This site is now occupied by St Mary's of Kenton a non-Orthodox denomination.
- ↑ From the series entitled "The Four Times of the Day"
- ↑ In Hogarth’s time the portion of the street where the church stood was called Hog Lane. It was later renamed Crown Street and was demolished when Charing Cross Road was widened.
- ↑ The position of "Doctor of the Church" is a position of theological significance; St. Bede is the only man from Great Britain to achieve this designation (Anselm of Canterbury, also a Doctor of the Church, was originally from Italy
- ↑ http://www.st-panteleimon.org/
- ↑ Monachos: http://www.monachos.net/
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