Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Orthodoxy in the British Isles"
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*1962 Repose of [[Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain]]; [[Diocese of Sourozh]] founded by Metropolitan [[Anthony (Bloom) of Sourozh]]. | *1962 Repose of [[Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain]]; [[Diocese of Sourozh]] founded by Metropolitan [[Anthony (Bloom) of Sourozh]]. | ||
*1964 [[Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] appointed Chancellor of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain|Archdiocese of Thyateira]] | *1964 [[Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] appointed Chancellor of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain|Archdiocese of Thyateira]] | ||
− | *1965 [[Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St. John the Baptist (Maldon, Essex)|Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist]] moved under the Ecumenical Patriarchate. | + | *1965 [[Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St. John the Baptist (Maldon, Essex)|Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist]] moved under the Ecumenical Patriarchate; [[Nicholas Couris]] ordained a priest for [[ROCOR]] in Ireland. |
*1966 Repose of St. [[John (Maximovitch) the Wonderworker|John Maximovitch]], Archbishop of London [[July 2]]. | *1966 Repose of St. [[John (Maximovitch) the Wonderworker|John Maximovitch]], Archbishop of London [[July 2]]. | ||
*1970 [[Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] consecrated [[Dioces of Tropaeou|Bishop of Tropaeou]], [[December 12]]; [[Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos) of Kyanea|Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos)]] made auxiliary [[Bishop of Kyanea]], [[December 19]]. | *1970 [[Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] consecrated [[Dioces of Tropaeou|Bishop of Tropaeou]], [[December 12]]; [[Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos) of Kyanea|Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos)]] made auxiliary [[Bishop of Kyanea]], [[December 19]]. | ||
*1975 Repose of Metropolitan [[Nikolaos of Halkis]] in a London hospital; the Greek Orthodox community of Saint Panteleimon of Harrow established<ref>http://www.st-panteleimon.org/ </ref> | *1975 Repose of Metropolitan [[Nikolaos of Halkis]] in a London hospital; the Greek Orthodox community of Saint Panteleimon of Harrow established<ref>http://www.st-panteleimon.org/ </ref> | ||
+ | *1977 Death of Fr. [[Nicholas Couris]] | ||
*1978 [[Diocese of Sourozh]] buys the Cathedral of the [[Church of the Dormition and All Saints (London)|Dormition and All Saints]], in London's [[Church of the Dormition and All Saints (London)|Ennismore Gardens]]. | *1978 [[Diocese of Sourozh]] buys the Cathedral of the [[Church of the Dormition and All Saints (London)|Dormition and All Saints]], in London's [[Church of the Dormition and All Saints (London)|Ennismore Gardens]]. | ||
*1979 Repose of [[Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] succeeded by Archbishop [[Methodios (Fouyias)]]; [[Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia]] appointed. | *1979 Repose of [[Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain]] succeeded by Archbishop [[Methodios (Fouyias)]]; [[Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia]] appointed. |
Revision as of 08:26, May 24, 2009
The early Christian writers Tertullian and Origen mention the existence of a British church in the third century AD and in the fourth century British bishops attended a number of councils, such as the Council of Arles in 314 and the Council of Rimini in 359.
The first member of the British church whom we know by name is St Alban, who, tradition tells us, was martyred for his faith on the spot where St Albans Abbey now stands.
The British church was a missionary church with figures such as St Illtud, St Ninian and St Patrick evangelising in Wales, Scotland and Ireland, but the invasions by the pagan Angles, Saxons and Jutes in the fifth century seem to have destroyed the organisation of the church in much of what is now England. In 597 a mission sent by Pope Gregory the Great and led by St Augustine of Canterbury landed in Kent to begin the work of converting these pagan peoples.
What eventually became known as the "Church of England" [1] was the result of a combination of three traditions, that of Augustine and his successors, the remnants of the old Romano-British traditions and the Celtic tradition coming down from Scotland and associated with people like St Aidan and St Cuthbert.
These three traditions came together as a result of increasing mutual contact and a number of local synods, of which the Synod of Whitby in 664 has traditionally been seen as the most important. The result was an English Church, led by the two Archbishops of Canterbury and York, that was fully assimilated into the mainstream Church. This meant that it was influenced by the wider development of the Christian tradition in matters such as theology, liturgy, church architecture, and the development of monasticism.
Regarding the British Isles, what is known about the state of the Church there at the time of the Great Schism is that subsequent to the Norman Invasion in 1066, church life was radically altered. Native clergy were replaced, liturgical reform enacted, and a strong emphasis on papal church control was propagated. As such, it is probably safe to say that, prior to 1066, the church of the British Isles was Orthodox, and the Normans brought the effects of the Great Schism to British soil. As such, it is probably proper to regard King Harold II as an Orthodox Christian.
It also meant that after King Harold II, the English church continued under the authority of the Pope and not with Orthodoxy and this article does not consider the historical development of the "Church of England" after this date.
Orthodoxy was reintroduced by the Church of Greece and by Russia ... [to be developed] ...
The greatest contributor towards documenting the ecclesiastical and political history of England is attested to St. Bede, who completed in 731 five volumes of his best known work The Ecclesiastical History of England.
Contents
- 1 Apostolic Era (33-100)
- 2 Ante-Nicene Era (100-325)
- 3 Nicene Era (325-451)
- 4 Byzantine Era (451-843)
- 5 Late Byzantine Era (843-1453)
- 6 Post-Imperial Era (1453-1821)
- 7 Modern Era (1821-1917)
- 8 Communist Era (1917-1991)
- 9 Post-Communist Era (1991-Present)
- 10 Notes
- 11 See also
- 12 External links
- 13 References
Apostolic Era (33-100)
- 63 Apostle of Britain Aristobulus consecrated as first bishop to Britain.
According to the compilers of the Synaxarion, three members of the Apostolic Church had been responsible for preaching the Gospel in Britain:
- Apostle Peter who, after visiting Milan, had "passed over to the island of Britain, now called England, (where) he spent many years and turned many erring Gentiles to faith in Christ";
- Apostle Aristobulus (brother of St. Barnabas), who is called the Apostle of Britain and who was its first bishop; and
- Apostle Simon the Canaanite and Zealot. In these Islands, the Celtic Church had shone forth - especially during the glorious period known as the "Age of Saints" when its missionaries preached throughout much of Europe, becoming 'Equals to the Apostles';
- Ireland had been a place of refuge for monks fleeing from iconoclastic persecution; so, later, it was referred to as "the New Thebais" on account of the number of its monasteries.
Ante-Nicene Era (100-325)
- 283-305 Protomartyr of England, St. Alban [2][3], June 22.
- 304 Repose of Amphibalus at Verulamium (St Albans), Hertfordshire, June 25; Julius and Aaron martyr at Caerleon, Britain, July 1;
Nicene Era (325-451)
- 419 King Brychan of Brecknock born, circa 419, in South Wales.
- 432 Patrick sent from Aesir in Gaul to mission to Ireland.
- 440 Materiana born in Gwent of Wales.
Byzantine Era (451-843)
(451-500)
- 459 Repose of Auxilius of Ireland[4]
- 484 Brendan the Navigator born at Tralee in Kerry, Ireland.
- 461/493 Repose of the Holy Hierarch St. Patrick, the Apostle of Ireland, March 17 [5]
- 493 Gildas the Wise born in the lower valley of the Clyde in central Scotland [6].
(500-600)
According to historians, during this period St. Non, the mother of St. David of Wales, and the daughter of the nobleman Cynyr of Caer Goch of Pembrokeshire, reposed and St. Materiana of Cornwall, April 9, reposed early 6th-century at Minster of Cornwall.
- 525 Repose of St. Brigid of Kildaire, February 1; Gildas the Wise studies under St. Illtyd and travels to Ireland with David of Wales and Cadoc, here he is ordained to the priesthood.
- 540 Kentigern appointed bishop to Strathclyde Britons (modern Glasgow)
- 550 Repose of St. Jarlath of Tuam, first Bishop of Tuam, June 6; Aed of Ferns born at Inisbrefny, Ireland.
- 553 Kentigern, Bishop of Glasgow and Strathclyde exiled by pagans fleeing to Menevia, Wales.
- 560 Gildas the Wise returns to Ireland at the invitation of King Ainmeric.
- 563 Columba of Iona founded the monastery of Iona in Scotland.
- 570 Repose of Gildas the Wise, January 29, his relics allowed to drift; relics of Gildas the Wise recovered and translated to the church in Rhuys, April 29.
- 573 Kentigern returns to Scotland after exile; Kentigern evangelises Galloway and Cumberland.
- 580 Aedan of Ferns returns to Ireland after studying under st. David in Wales.
- 581 Kentigern returns to Glasgow.
- 577 Repose of St. Brendan the Navigator, May 16.
- 587 Repose of David of Wales, March 1.
- 596 Gregory the Great sends Augustine[7] to Britain to convert the Kingdom of Kent.
- 597 Repose of St. Columba of Iona, enlightener of Scotland, June 9.
- 598 Brandon mac Echac (d. 603) convence a synod at which the Diocese of Ferns is made an episcopal see and Aedan of Ferns is made the first Bishop.
(600-700)
- 601 Repose of St. David of Wales, Bishop of Menevia; the "St Augustine Gospels" are sent to Augustine of Canterbury [8]
- 603 repose of St. Kentigern of Glasgow, January 11.
- 7th century: Celtic missions are launched in Northumbria (aidan, Cuthbert).
- 604 First Bishop of London, Mellitus consecrated by Augustine in the province of East Saxons; Repose of Saint Augustine of Canterbury "Apostle to the English" May 26; Saint Laurence of Canterbury consecrated as the second Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 612 Repose of St. Dubricius of Caerleon, Archbishop of Caerleon and Wales, November 14.
- 618 Repose of abbot Donnan & his monk companions in Eigg, April 17.
- 619 Repose of St. Laurence of Canterbury, February 3; Mellitus consecrated as third Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 624 Repose of St. Mellitus, first Bishop of London, April 24.
- 628 Benedict Biscop born in Northumbria.
- 630 Audrey of Ely born in West Suffolk.
- 632 Repose of St. Aed of Ferns, [9] Bishop of Ferns in Ireland, January 31.
- 635 Cuthbert born in Britain.
- 640 Repose of St. Beuno the Wonderworker, Abbot of Clynnog, April 21 [10].
- 647 Repose of St. Felix of Burgundy, Apostle of East Anglia, March 8.
- 650 (Fursey of Lagny, January 7) citation needed
- 651 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne witnesses the soul of St. Aidan of Lindisfarne reposing as a light in the night sky and leaves for Melrose Abbey to become a monk; Repose of St. Aidan of Lindisfarne, enlightener of Northumbria of Northern England, August 31.
- 653 Benedict Biscop and Wilfred the Elder set off to visit Rome.
- 661 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne and Eata join a monastery at Ripon.
- 664 Synod of Whitby; Cuthbert stricken by the great pestilence; repose of St. Boisil, abbot of Melrose Abbey, Scotland, February 23 [11].
- 668 Gerald of Mayo follows Colman and settles in Innisboffin.
- 669 Theodore of Tarsus arrives in Kent at the age of seven.
- 670 Colman founds an English monastery, separate to the irish, the "Mayo of the Saxons"[12], with Gerald of Mayo as the first abbot.
- 672 Repose of Chad of Lichfield and Mercia, March 2.
- 675 Repose of St. Ethelburgh, first abbess of the Convent of Barking
- 676 Cuthbert becomes a solitary on Farne Island.
- 679 Repose of St. Audrey of Ely.
- 680 Repose of St. Botolph of Iken, June 17; Repose of St. Hilda of Whitby, November 17.
- 681 Repose of St. Caedmon, February 11 [13]
- 685 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne consecrated Bishop of Lindisfarne, March 26, by St. Theodore
- 686 Repose of St. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, March 20.
- 689 Repose of St. Benedict Biscop, abbot, in Wearmouth, Co Durham, January 12.
- 690 Repose of St. Theodore of Tarsus, eighth Archbishop of Canterbury, September 19
- 694 Repose of St. Sebbe, founder of the monastery of Westiminster.
- 693 Repose of St. Erconwald, Bishop of London.
- 696 Incorrupt body of Audrey of Ely found.
- 697 Gerald of Mayo resigns as abbot of the "Mayo of the Saxons" in favour of St. Adamnan; Relics of Cuthbert of Lindisfarne revealed to be incorrupt.
(700-800)
- 703 Gerald of Mayo resumes the abbacy of the "Mayo of the Saxons".
- 709 Repose of St. Wilfrid, Bishop of Hexham, April 24.
- 714 Repose of St. Guthlac of Crowland, the hermit, April 11.
- 716 Repose of St. Donald of Ogilvry, confessor of Scotland, July 15..
- 731 repose of St. Gerald, Bishop of Mayo and english monk, March 13; Bede writes "The Ecclesiastical History of the English People"'
- 735 Repose of Venerable Bede, May 25.
(800-843)
No records as yet
Late Byzantine Era (843-1453)
- 869 King Edmund of East Anglia, martyred November 20.
- 870 Repose of Ss. Beocca and Hethor, the two martyrs of Chertsey.
- 890 Bede's Ecclesiastical History was translated into Old English at the insistence of Alfred the Great.
- 899 Repose of King Alfred the Great, October 26.
- 903 Relics of King Alfred the Great [14] translated to New Minster Abbey.
- 935 Relics of St. Branwallader (or Brelade translated by King Athelstan to Milton Abbey [15].
- 955 Repose of King Edred of England, November 23.
- 988 Repose of St. Dunstan of Canterbury, Bishop of London.
- 1002 Repose of St. Wulsin, renewer of the Monastery of St. Peter.
- 1012 Repose of St. Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury martyred to the east of London at Greenwich, April 19.
- 1066 Repose of the last Orthodox King of England, Harold of England, October 14.
- 1104 Relics of Cuthbert of Lindisfarne translated [16] from Lindisfarne to Durham Cathedral, September 4.
- Relics of St. Boisil are translated to Durham Cathedral by the priest Ælfred.
Post-Imperial Era (1453-1821)
Great Schism. Church of England no longer with the Eastern Orthodox church. Orthodoxy re-establishes in Great Britain around the 16-17th century. citation needed
- 1670 Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain established by priest Daniel Voulgaris first Greek Orthodox Community in London.
- 1676 Arrival of Joseph Georgerines, Archbisop of Samos.
- 1677 "Greek St Church to the Panagia" erected for the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain [17]
- 1684 "Greek St Church to the Panagia" confiscated and handed over to Huguenot refugees from France. Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain forced to worship for the next 150 years in the Imperial Russian Embassy.
- 1738 Print 'Noon' [18] by William Hogarth [19] shows evidence of a crowd exiting a Greek Orthodox church.
Modern Era (1821-1917)
Sometime between 1840 and 1924, St. Arsenios of Cappadocia prophesised that "The Church in the British Isles will only begin to truly grow again when it begins to venerate once more its own saints". The following events require dates to be identified: Grand Duchess St. Elizabeth (a grand-daughter of Queen Victoria and a great-aunt of Prince Philip) and St. John Maximovich, who have been associated with them in the recent past. The memory of Brother Lazaros, killed (some would say, martyred) within the Cathedral at Camberwell, remains vivid... Monastery of St. John the Baptist in Essex, which depends directly on the Oecumenical Patriarchate and whose Founder was the saintly Archimandrite Sophrony, a pupil of St. Silouanos of the Holy Mountain.
- 1837 Imperial Russian Embasy offers hospitality in Finsbury Park, London to the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain community for their religious activities.
- 1850 Greek Orthodox church built in London Street in the City.
- 1877 Greek Orthodox Church of the Divine Wisdom (St Sophia) in Bayswater built.
- 1899 Bede is made a "Doctor of the Church" [20] by Leo XIII.
- 1906 Greek Orthodox Church of Saint Nicholas built in Cardiff.
- 1908 Oecumenical Patriarchate transfers its rights for four Greek Orthodox community churches to Church of Greece.
Communist Era (1917-1991)
- 1922 the Holy Synod of the Oecumenical Patriarchate recognises the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain with London as its seat; Germanos Strinopoulos choses as first Bishop and Metropolitan of Thyateira.
- 1951 Repose of Germanoscitation needed; Succeeded by Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain;
- 1958 Elder Sophrony (Sakharov) seeks a monastic life in Essex of London.
- 1959 Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist founded by Elder Sophrony in Tolleshunt Knights, Maldon, Essex under the jurisdiction of Metropolitan Anthony of Sourozh.
- 1962 Repose of Athenagoras (Cavadas) of Thyateira and Great Britain; Diocese of Sourozh founded by Metropolitan Anthony (Bloom) of Sourozh.
- 1964 Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain appointed Chancellor of the Archdiocese of Thyateira
- 1965 Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist moved under the Ecumenical Patriarchate; Nicholas Couris ordained a priest for ROCOR in Ireland.
- 1966 Repose of St. John Maximovitch, Archbishop of London July 2.
- 1970 Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain consecrated Bishop of Tropaeou, December 12; Chrysostomos (Mavroyiannopoulos) made auxiliary Bishop of Kyanea, December 19.
- 1975 Repose of Metropolitan Nikolaos of Halkis in a London hospital; the Greek Orthodox community of Saint Panteleimon of Harrow established[21]
- 1977 Death of Fr. Nicholas Couris
- 1978 Diocese of Sourozh buys the Cathedral of the Dormition and All Saints, in London's Ennismore Gardens.
- 1979 Repose of Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain succeeded by Archbishop Methodios (Fouyias); Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia appointed.
- 1980 The Antiochian Orthodox Society is established to serve the Arabic speaking and believing community.
- 1982 Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia consecrated as Bishop for the Thyateira and Great Britain
- 1988 Archbishop Methodios (Fouyias) replaced by Gregorios (Theocharous) of Thyateira and Great Britain elected Archbishop of Thyateira and Great Britain and enthroned at the Cathedral of Sophia in West London, April 16
- Unknown dates
If you know the dates for these events, please assist us
- G. E. Palmer, Philip Sherrard and Bishop Kallistos Ware translate and publish four volumes of the Philokalia into English; Bishop Kallistos Ware and Mother Mary produced English translations of the Lenten Triodion and Festal Menaion.
Post-Communist Era (1991-Present)
- 1993 Repose of Elder Sophrony (Sakharov), July 11.
- 1995 Repose of Philip Sherrard, theologian May 30.
- 1996 St. Aidan's Antiochian Orthodox Church in Manchester consecrated by Metropolitan Gabriel (Saliby).
- 1999 The Philokalia, Volume 4 published by Faber&Faber
- 2000 Theodoritos (Polyzogopoulos) of Nazianzos elected and consecrated Bishop of Nazianzos; Archdiocese of Thyateira annual Youth Conference held at Wood Green, North London, April 21; Monachos.net [22] online discussion community set up by M.C. Steenberg.
- 2001 Bishop Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia retires.
- 2005 Mission in Macclesfield dedicated to St. Theodore of Canterbury opens in September.
- 2006 the "Sourozh" drama plays out.
- 2007 Diocese of Diokleia elevated to Metropolis, March 30; Bishop Elisey of Sourozh consecrated;
- Repose of Metropolitan Gabriel Saliby (Antiochian);
- Bishop John Yazigi elected to Metropolitanate of Western and Central Europe, March 30
- 2008 Enthronement of Metropolitan John (Yazigi) of Western and Central Europe, September 20 for the Antiochian Orthodox Deanery of the United Kingdom and Ireland; Monachos.net, in partnership with Ancient Faith Radio, launch weekly internet podcasts "A Word From the Holy Fathers", December 1.
- 2009 Ordinary meeting of clergy held at the Diocese of Sourozh at the London Cathedral, February 28; Diocese of Sourozh Annual Conference May 22-25 held in Reigate, Surrey.
Notes
- Some of these dates are necessarily a bit vague, as records for some periods are particularly difficult to piece together accurately.
- The division of Church History into separate eras as done here will always be to some extent arbitrary, though it was attempted to group periods according to major watershed events.
- This timeline is necessarily biased toward the history of the Orthodox Church, though a number of non-Orthodox or purely political events are mentioned for their importance in history related to Orthodoxy or for reference.
See also
External links
Greek Orthodox Church in Great Britain
- Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain - Orthodoxy in the British Isles
Russian Orthodox Church in Great Britain
- Diocese of Sourozh under the Patriarchate of Moscow
Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of Western and Central Europe
For more information on the United Kingdom and Ireland visit:
- http://www.antiochgreekorth.co.uk/
- http://www.antiochian-orthodox.co.uk/index.html
- http://www.london.antiochian.org.uk/default.asp
- http://www.yorkthodox.org.uk
References
- ↑ The "Church of England" (the Ecclesia Anglicana - or the English Church)
- ↑ The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles list the year of St. Alban's execution as 283 not as 305.
- ↑ St. Alban is first mentioned in "Acta Martyrum", and also by Constantius of Lyon in his Life of St. Germanus of Auxerre, written about 480
- ↑ St. Auxilius of Ireland: The date of death is also given as 454 or 455, see Sabine Baring-Gould, The Lives of the Saints (J. Hodges, 1898), 275.
- ↑ When he came to Ireland, as its enlightener, it was a pagan country; when he ended his earthly life some thirty years later, about 461, the Faith of Christ was established in every corner." (Great Horologion) The work of St Patrick and his brethren has been called the most successful single missionary venture in the history of the Church.
- ↑ The date of St. Gildas' birth can only tentatively be placed to the decades either side of the beginning of the Sixth Century. St. Bede indirectly suggests the year 493 for this event and this is the date adopted for this article.
- ↑ Saint Augustine of Canterbury is also called the "Apostle to the English".
- ↑ The "St Augustine Gospels" manuscript is the oldest surviving Latin illustrated Gospel book in existence.
- ↑ A bronze reliquary in which the relics of St. Aed of Ferns are kept is currently preserved in Dublin.
- ↑ St. Beuno the Wonderworker, Abbot of Clynnog, was uncle to St. Winefride of Treffynon, November 3, whom he also restored to life.
- ↑ Almost all that is known of St. Boisol or Boswell, is learn from St. Bede (Eccles. Hist., IV, xxvii, and Vita Cuthberti).
- ↑ The Mayo (Magh Eo, the yew plain), known as "Mayo of the Saxons". St. Bede writes of this monastery: "This monastery is to this day (731) occupied by English monks... and contains an exemplary body who gathered there from England, and live by the labour of their own hands (after the manner of the early Fathers), under a rule and canonical abbot, leading chaste and single lives."
- ↑ Cædmon is said to have taken holy orders at an advanced age and it is implied that he lived at Streonæshalch at least in part during Hilda’s abbacy (657–680). Book IV Chapter 25 of the Historia ecclesiastica appears to suggest that Cædmon’s death occurred at about the same time as the fire at Coldingham Abbey, an event dated in the E text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to 679, but after 681 by Bede.
- ↑ Considered a local Saint by the Orthodox church of England but not formally canonised.
- ↑ The proper name of Milton Abbey is the Abbey Church of St. Mary, St. Samson and St. Branwalader.
- ↑ His [St. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne] body was still found to be untouched by decay, giving off "an odour of the sweetest fragrancy", and "from the flexibility of its joints representing a person asleep rather than dead.
- ↑ "In the year of salvation 1677 this Temple was erected for the nation of the Greeks, the Most Serene Charles II being King, and the Roual Prince Lord James being commander of the foreces, the Right Reverend Lord Henry Compton being Bishop, at the expense of the above and other Bishops and Nobles and with the concurrence of our Humility of Samos Joseph Georgeirenes, from the island of Melos." - Inscription from tablet carved in Greek preserved on the west wall of the church Charing Cross Road. This site is now occupied by St Mary's of Kenton a non-Orthodox denomination.
- ↑ From the series entitled "The Four Times of the Day"
- ↑ In Hogarth’s time the portion of the street where the church stood was called Hog Lane. It was later renamed Crown Street and was demolished when Charing Cross Road was widened.
- ↑ The position of "Doctor of the Church" is a position of theological significance; St. Bede is the only man from Great Britain to achieve this designation (Anselm of Canterbury, also a Doctor of the Church, was originally from Italy
- ↑ http://www.st-panteleimon.org/
- ↑ Monachos: http://www.monachos.net/
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