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Moses

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For forty years, Moses lived at the court of the Pharaoh (his Egyptian training); for the next forty years, he lived as a shepherd in [[Apophatic theology|contemplation]] of [[God]] and the world (his exile in Arabia); and for his remaining forty years, he led the people through the wilderness to the [[w:Promised Land|Promised Land]] (his government of the Israelite nation). He beheld the Promised Land, but was not allowed to enter it, for he had once [[Sin|sinned]] against God ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers%2020:12&version=NKJV Numbers 20:12]). Thus Moses reposed at the age of 120.<ref name=PROLOGUE>[[Nikolai Velimirovic]]. ''[[Prologue from Ohrid|Prologue from Ohrid: Lives of Saints, Hymns, Reflections and Homilies for Every Day of the Year]].'' 1928.</ref>
As a [[Wonderworker|miracle-worker]], he was a prefiguration of [[Christ]], according to St. [[Basil the Great]],<ref name=PROLOGUE/> and is looked upon as a precursor to [[Christ]] ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Corinthians%2010:1-4&version=NKJV 1 Corinthians 10:1-4]) and as a witness to him ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%201:45&version=NKJV John 1:45]) in the seamless, unified history of God's relationship to and interaction with humanity throughout the ages.<ref name=WHOSWHO>''"Moses".'' In: Who's Who in the Bible: An Illustrated Biographical Dictionary. Reader's Digest Association, 1994. pp.300-311.</ref> In Saint [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]]'s homily on Psalm 90, which is entitled ''"The prayer of Moses the man of God,"'' he writes that Moses was the ''"Minister of the [[Old Testament|Old]], and the Prophet of the [[New Testament]]"''.<ref>[[Augustine of Hippo]]. ''St Augustine Homily on the Psalms. Psalm XC. 1''.</ref><ref group="note">Saint [[Basil the Great]] comments on Moses' prayer in Deuteronomy 6:4 that the Lord is one (''"Hear, O Israel: the LORD our God, the LORD is one."'' - [[w:Shema Yisrael|Shema Yisrael]]), stating that Moses confirms the Godhead of the Son and the lesson of the Gospels, which tell of God and God:
:"...For the Gospels tell us that Moses taught the truth when he proclaimed that God is One; and Moses by his proclamation of One God confirms the lesson of the Gospels, which tell of God and God. Thus we do not contradict our authorities, but base our teaching upon them, proving that the revelation to Israel of the unity of God gives no sanction to the refusal of Divinity to the Son of God; since he who is our authority for asserting that there is One God is our authority also for confessing the Godhead of His Son."
::([[Basil the Great]]. ''St Basil the Great on the Trinity. Book V, 1.'')
The ''Orthodox Study Bible'' has the following commentary on this as well:
:"By Moses saying 'one Lord', we understand the simple, blessed and incomprehensible essence of God" (AthanG). Moses is not saying the one Lord is one solitary person (HilryP). Rather, he is saying He is one undivided essence or nature. For person and nature are not the same thing (JohnDm). The divine nature exists undividedly in three distinct Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The Son is begotten before all time and ages from the essence of the Father, but His begetting does not divide the Father's essence. The Holy Spirit proceeds before all time and ages from the Father, but His procession does not divide the Father's essence. The Persons are distinct or different, but the essence is one and undivided. Therefore, we believe in the Holy Trinity, our one God and Lord.
::(''The [[Orthodox Study Bible]].'' St. Athanasius Academy of Orthodox Theology. Elk Grove, California, 2008. p.220.)</ref> and is looked upon as a precursor to [[Christ]] ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Corinthians%2010:1-4&version=NKJV 1 Corinthians 10:1-4]) and as a witness to him ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%201:45&version=NKJV John 1:45]) in the seamless, unified history of God's relationship to and interaction with humanity throughout the ages.<ref name=WHOSWHO>''"Moses".'' In: Who's Who in the Bible: An Illustrated Biographical Dictionary. Reader's Digest Association, 1994. pp.300-311.</ref> In Saint [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]]'s homily on Psalm 90, which is entitled ''"The prayer of Moses the man of God,"'' he writes that Moses was the ''"Minister of the [[Old Testament|Old]], and the Prophet of the [[New Testament]]"''.<ref>[[Augustine of Hippo]]. ''St Augustine Homily on the Psalms. Psalm XC. 1''.</ref> Moses' influence continues to be felt in the religious life, moral concerns, and social ethics of civilization today.<ref name="BRITTANICA"/>
The [[Orthodox Church]] commemorates his [[feast day|sacred memory]] annually on [[September 4]]/17,<ref name=SYNAX>Great [[Synaxarium|Synaxaristes]]: {{el icon}} ''[http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/552/sxsaintinfo.aspx Ὁ Προφήτης Μωϋσῆς].'' 4 Σεπτεμβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</ref><ref name=OCA-LIFE>''[http://oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102490 Holy Prophet and God-seer Moses - Life].'' OCA - Feasts and Saints.</ref> the day that Moses saw the [[w:Promised Land|Land of Promise]],<ref>"September 4: The Holy God-seer Moses the Prophet and Aaron His Brother". In: ''The Menaion: Volume 1, The Month of September.'' Transl. from the Greek by the [[Holy Transfiguration Monastery (Brookline, Massachusetts)|Holy Transfiguration Monastery]]. Boston, Massachusetts, 2005. pp.67.</ref> as well as on the [[Sunday of the Forefathers]].<ref>Fr. Andrew Anglorus. ''[http://www.orthodoxengland.org.uk/sermhff.htm THE SUNDAY OF THE HOLY FOREFATHERS].'' St John's Orthodox Church, Colchester, Essex, England.</ref>
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