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The first liturgical Christian service held in Hawaii was a [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] [[Pascha]]l service. Somewhere Sometime between 1792 and 1750 - 1793*, while traveling from the Far East to what was then Russian America, a Russian trading ship stopped over in the Hawaiian Islands. The Russian Orthodox [[priest]], not wanting to celebrate Holy [[Pascha]] (Easter) at sea, instructed the captain to disembark. The captain then told the priest that he feared the "natives" but was then told, "They will not harm us, for we are Orthodox, and we bear the Light of Christ to illumine their hearts." They disembarked and blessed a temporary [[altar]] under a newly built temple made out of palms and bamboo and adorned with a Znammeny icon of the Mother of God and the Christ Child. It was rumored that as they departed the Orthodox priest left the icon used in the Paschal Liturgy. The ship's priest promised that, "We shall return and baptize these natives to the [[One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church|One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church]]."  The first Protestant service was a lay funeral service conducted by Capt. James Cook for an English sailor at Napo‘opo‘o (Kealakekua) on the Big Island of Hawaii in 1779. <i>*Exact dates differ from 1750, 1792, and 1793</i>

[[Image:Fortelizabeth.jpg|rightleft|frame|Russian Fort Elizabeth as it was in 1815 on the Island of Kauai]]In 1815, Russians built Hawaii's first [[Orthodox Church]]church; the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] chapel at [http[w://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Fort_Elizabeth Russian Fort Elizabeth|Fort Elizabeth]]. On the Island of Kaua'i, three Russian forts were built: Fort Alexander, Fort Barclay, and Fort Elizabeth. Fort Alexander also housed a small Orthodox chapel, but Fort Elizabeth was the trading base for the new Russian-American Company in Hawaii. When King Kaumuali'i of Kaua'i ceded his kingdom to King Kamehameha the Great in 1816 following the tsar's refusal to annex Kaua'i due to political troubles in Russia, the forts were also ceded, and the Hawaiian Islands become one unified kingdom. The chapels ultimately fell into disrepair after Calvinist missionaries from the United States landed in 1820 after the death of King Kamehameha I.

In 1882, the Hawaiian Kingdom sent a diplomatic delegation to St. Petersburg, Russia, to witness the coronation of Tsar Alexander III. The reports of the Hawaiian Hawaii's special envoy to the Russian court, Colonel Curtis I'Iaukeaaukea, about Secretary of Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of Hawaii, regarding the Russian Orthodox [[liturgy|liturgical]] services were widely published in Hawaiian-language newspapers. Two years later, Tsar Alexander III sent King Kalakaua the Imperial Order of St. [[Alexander Nevsky|Alexander of Nevsky]], the highest Russian award, and established a permanent Russian embassy in Hawaii, along with a very small Orthodox chapel. Subsequently, 200 Ukrainians were imported by American sugar planters.

In 1893St. [[Innocent of Moscow]] also made a brief stop-over in Hawaii during his travels from Asia to Western America. == Rebirth of Orthodoxy ==[[Image:korchinsky.gif|left|frame|A photo of Fr. Jacob Korchinsky from the Pacific Commercial Advertiser, January 23, 1916]] On [[November 27]], Queen Lili'uokalani was deposed by U1910 ([[Julian Calendar|O.S. Marines and American sugar plantation owners]], who were mostly the children Feast Day of the Znamenny-[[Kursk Root Icon]] of American Calvinist missionaries, and a provisional government under the protection Sign of the United States was installed[[Theotokos|Mother of God]]), [[Reader|reader services]] were organized and served by Vasily Pasderin.  In 18981915, an official request by the Russian Orthodox community in Hawaii was incorporated into and the United States despite near universal opposition from native HawaiiansEpiscopal Bishop of Hawaii, Henry B. In Restarick to the early 1900s, Holy Synod in St. Petersburg; a priest was dispatched that same year to Hawaii (with the Russian ambassador was recalled, blessing of Archbishop [[Evdokim (Meschersky) of the embassy was moved Aleutians]]) to a small officepastor the large population of Orthodox Russian faithful. He establishsed permanent liturgical services in Hawaii and on [[Christmas]] [[December 25]] (O.S.) / [[January 7]] (N.S.) 1916, and Protopresbyter Jacob Korchinsky celebrated the Russian chapel [[Divine Liturgy]] at Saint Andrew's Episcopal Cathedral in Honolulu. Thus Orthodoxy was closedre-established in Hawaii.

In 1915subsequent years, at the petition Russian Orthodox church in Hawaii shipped or flew priests to Hawaii to care for the dwindling Orthodox population, becoming part of the [[Russian Orthodox community to the Church Outside Russia]] (ROCOR). Fr. John Dorosh replaced Fr. Jacob in 1917. He was followed by several temporary priests, until [[Archimandrite]] Innokenty Dronov of Hilo, a contemporary of St. [[Holy SynodJonah of Manchuria]] and St. [[John Maximovitch|John of the Shanghai and San Francisco]] and Metropolitan [[Church Meletius (Zaborosky) of RussiaHarbin and Manchuria|Russian Orthodox ChurchMeletius of Harbin]], a Russian Orthodox priest was dispatched to Hawaii to pastor and served the entire Orthodox Christian flock on all the Hawaiian Islands throughout the 1930s and 1940s. Fr. Innokentiy had a large population following of [[Church of RussiaJapan|Russian Japanese Orthodox]] faithfulChristians. On Orthodox Christmas (Dec.25He frequently returned to the [http://Janwww. 7), Protopresbyter Yakov Korchinsky celebrated the Divine Liturgy at Saint Andrew's Episcopal Cathedral in Honolulu, and he established permanent liturgical serviceswadiocese. Thus Orthodoxy was re-established com Diocese in Hawaii. Fr. Yakov, a well-known San Francisco] to report to Archbishops [[missionaryApollinary (Koshevoy) of San Francisco|Apollinary (Koshevoy)]] priest, established churches in Canada, the United States, Alaska, and Australia. He was murdered in [[OdessaTikhon (Troitsky) of San Francisco|Tikhon (Troitsky)]] shortly after and for medical reasons. He is now purportedly buried on the Big Island of Hawaii.[[October RevolutionImage:innokenty.jpg|left|frame|Fr. Innokenty in front of the Old Apostles Episcopal church in Hilo in 1937]] in Russia.

In subsequent years== Multiple jurisdictions ==Up until the 1960s, the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] Church was the only Orthodox jurisdiction in Hawaii shipped or flew priests to Hawaii to care for the dwindling Hawaiian Islands. Following the 1960s, parishes from three separate Orthodox population. jurisdictions established themselves in the Islands: [[ArchimandriteGreek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|Greek]] Innokenty Dronov of Hilo, a contemporary of St. [[Jonah of Manchuria]] Serbian Orthodox Church in the USA and St. [[John MaximovitchCanada|John of Shanghai and San FranciscoSerbian]] , and Metropolitan [[Meletius of HarbinOCA]], served the entire . At one point there were as many as five different Orthodox Christian flock on all jurisdictions in the Hawaiian Islands throughout the 1930s and 1940s. Fr. Innokenty had a large following Despite this multiplicity of [[Church of Japan|Japanese jurisdictions, all Orthodox]] Christianschurches in Hawaii are in communion with one another and have friendly relations. He frequently returned to the [http (See also://www.wadiocese.com Diocese in San Francisco] to report to Archbishops [[Appolinary of San Francisco|AppolinaryOrthodoxy in America]] and , [[Tikhon (Troitsky) of San Francisco|Tikhon of San FranciscoDiaspora]] and for medical reasons. He is now purportedly buried on the Big Island of Hawaii.)

===The Russian Orthodox Church (ROCOR)===In the late 1960s, a group of Russian Orthodox Christians parted ways with the local Greek community and joined the Russian Orthodox Church in Hawaii under the Omophorion of Archbishop Anthony of Los Angeles; they formed the St. [[Image:innokentyMark of Ephesus]] Russian Orthodox Mission.jpg In the early 1980s, this mission parish was later re-[[consecrate|leftconsecrated]] under the heavenly protection of the [[Mother of God]] and is now known as the Holy [[Theotokos]] of [[Panagia Portaitissa|frameIveron]] Russian Orthodox Church. In the late 1990s, the Council President of the Russian Orthodox community in Hawaii, Anatole Lyovin, was [[ordination|Frordained]] to serve the Orthodox faithful in Hawaii. Innokenty Currently this parish is without a permanent structure, hoping to build the first Russian Orthodox [[church]] in front Honolulu. This church is also where the Miracleworking "Hawaiian" Iveron Icon of the Old Apostles Episcopal church in Hilo in 1937Theotokos is brought on most Saturdays and Sundays for veneration, when not travelling to other churches. This community is under the spiritual care of Archbishop +[[Kyrill (Dmitrieff) of San Francisco]] ([[ROCOR]] ). Two clergy are assigned to this parish, Archpriest Anatole V. Lyovin, the rector, and Deacon Michael Bressem.

=== The "Jurisdiction" Problem in In the mid to late 1990's, a separate Russian Orthodox mission community was established on the Big Island of Hawaii ===. It later became inactive.

Up until the 1960s, the Russian ===The Greek Orthodox Church held canonical jurisdiction over the Hawaiian Islands. After (GOARCH)===In the mid 1960s, three seperate a Greek Orthodox jurisdictions community established themselves in the Islands; a Greek, Serbian, and OCA. At one point there were as many as five different Orthodox jurisdictions in mission under the Hawaiian Islands. For more information on auspices of the sin [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Jurisdictionalism, America|Greek Archdiocese]]. This community became known as [http://members5www.boardhostschgoc.com/STANDREWHOUSE/msghi.goarch.org/1153963172Ss.top click hereConstantine Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox Church]. The current Dean is Fr. Alexander Leong, and who was assigned to the parish in Honolulu in 2013. The community is under the omophorion of Metr. [[Gerasimos (Michaleas) of San Francisco]] ([[http://wwwGOARCH]]).orthodoxinfoThis community is well-known for its annual Greek Festival held at Ala Moana Beach Park near Waikiki.com/general/amer_jur.aspx here] Priest Alexander Leong is Dean of the Cathedral in Honolulu.

'''===The Russian Serbian Orthodox Church in Hawaii'''<br>===In the 1960searly 1990s, a group of Russian Serbian community established an Orthodox faithful joined the Russian Orthodox Church of Hawaii and formed the mission dedicated to St. [[Mark Lazar of Serbia|Lazar of EphesusKosovo]] Russian Orthodox Community. This community was The Serbian mission later re-[[consecrate]]d under the heavenly protection of the [[Mother of God]] became inactive, and is now known as its remaining members joined the Holy [[Theotokos]] of [[Iveron]] local Russian Orthodox Churchand Greek churches. In There has been a recent interest within the late 1990s, the current pastor of the [[Church of Russia|Russian Serbian Orthodox]] communityin Hawaii to re-establish this mission. In recent months, Father Anatole Lyovin, visiting clergy (one of including the few Serbian Bishop [[Church Maxim (Vasilijevic) of Russia|Russian OrthodoxWestern America]] priests since Archimandrite Innokenty) was [[ordination|ordained]] have come from the mainland to minister to serve the Orthodox faithful in Hawaiithem. Currently there are plans to build This mission is now active and under the first [[Church spiritual direction of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] [[church]] in HonoluluArchpriest Blasko Paraklis.

Fr[[Image:Bishop Benjamin. Anatole also oversees jpg|thumb|145px|right|Bishop Benjamin visits the Russian Orthodox mission communities on Kauai and the Big Island of Hawaii. OCA Kona Mission in 2004]]

'''===The Greek Antiochian Orthodox Church in Hawaii'''<br>===Also in In 2003, the 1960s a [[Greek]] community established a separate Greek Orthodox parish under the auspices of short-lived St. Paul the Apostle [[Greek Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Greek Archdiocese]]. This community became known as the Saints [[Constantine the Great|Constantine]] and [[Helen]] [[Church of Constantinople|Greek Antiochian Orthodox Church]]Mission was established in Honolulu at Fort Shafter Army Base. The current (and temporary) pastor rector of this mission was Fr. Isaiah Gillette, a chaplain with the Greek Orthodox community in Hawaii is military. Following Fr. Demetrius DogiasIsaiah's transfer to Texas, he the mission was assigned to the Greek church in Honolulu in 2007disbanded.

===The Orthodox Church in America (OCA)===In early 2004, a new Orthodox community under the jurisdiction of the 90's Orthodox Church in America ([[OCA]]) was established on the Big Island of MauiHawai`i, a Greek in Kailua-Kona. In 2007 this was named [http://stjuvenaly.org St. Juvenaly Orthodox Mission]. The pastor of this mission was establishedis Fr. John Schroedel, this mission and it is served by clergy under the oversight of His Eminence, Archbishop [[Benjamin (Peterson) of San Francisco]] of the [[Diocese of the West (OCA)|Diocese of the Greek Orthodox church in HonoluluWest]].

'''The Serbian Church ==A Miracle in Hawaii'''<br>the Islands==In During the month of October in the early 1990syear 2007, a Serbian community established an Orthodox mission dedicated to Saint [[Lazar great miracle occurred in the State of Serbia|Lazar Hawaii when the Miracleworking and Myrrh-streaming "Hawaiian" Iveron Icon of Kosovo]]. The Serbian mission later became inactive, and its remaining members joined the local Russian and Greek Orthodox churches. There has been a recent interest within Theotokos began streaming myrrh in the Serbian home of an Orthodox community Christian couple in Hawaii to re-establish this mission. In recent months, visiting clergy (including the Serbian bishop Maxim) have come from the mainland to minister to themHonolulu.

'''The Antiochian Church in Hawaii'''<br>In 2003June of 2008, the short-lived St. Paul "Hawaiian" Iveron Icon of the Apostle Antiochian Orthodox Mission Mother of God was declared to be a genuine and miraculous Icon, which was established in Honolulu at Fort Shafter Army Basefact exuding myrrh on a continuing basis. The rector of this mission It was Fr. Isaiah Gillettedecided by Episcopal proclamation ([[Ukaz]]) that the Reader Nectarios, a chaplain with the military. When Fr. Isaiah Icon's original owner, be "Her" guardian and was transferred to Texastake the Icon to the various churches and monasteries of Holy Orthodoxy, this mission was disbandedin effect, to provide for the veneration of all Orthodox Christians.

'''The OCA in Hawaii'''<br>In early 2004 a new Orthodox community under As She travels, the jurisdiction of the [[OCA]] was established Holy Icon has been lovingly called in KonaGreek, Hawaii"The Wandering Panaghia" since She does not have a church to call Her own. They When resources become available, plans are overseen by visiting clergy from underway to build a proper chapel or church structure in Hawaii to house the mainlandMother of God's holy Icon. This new mission It has no association with also been affectionately referred to as the [[Church "Protectress of Russia|Russian the Orthodox]] mission established in Hawaii" by Archimandrite Innokenty Dronov some of Hilo (+1940s)the Orthodox Christian faithful in Hawaii, since Orthodox Christians from all the Hawaii parishes have come to love and have grown very close to this miracle from God.

*[http://enwww.wikipediaorthodoxhawaii.org/wiki/Russian_Fort_Elizabeth Fort Elizabethbook.html TWO HUNDRED YEARS ON THE ROAD: A History of the Orthodox Church in Hawaii] ==by Amir A. Khisamutdinov and Rev. Anatole V. Lyovin. The book chronicles the history of the Orthodox Churches Christian Church in Hawaii==the Hawaiian Islands from the 1700s to the present day. Containing rare photos and historical articles not seen before.*[[Wikipedia:Russian Fort Elizabeth]]*Holy Theotokos of Iveron Russian Orthodox Church of Hawaii - [http://www.orthodoxhawaii.org Official website/dronoff.html "From Island to Island with the Word of God on His Lips - How the Only Orthodox Priest on the Islands Lives and Works"]An article about Fr. Innokentiy Dronoff of Hilo from 1937, translated by Rev. Anatole V. Lyovin.*Ss. Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox Church - [http://wwworthodoxhistory.ssconhelhiorg/2010/01/06/fr-jacob-korchinsky-missionary-and-martyr/ Fr.goarchJacob Korchinsky: Missionary and Martyr] A historical account of slain Protopresbyter Jacob Korchinsky.org Official Website]*St. Lazar Serbian Orthodox Mission Parish - [http://wwwstarbulletin.westsrbdio.orgcom/2001/08/25/latest_newsfeatures/visit_to_Hawaiistory1.html News site"A Spiritual Connection" Greek Orthodox Church in Hawaii honors Chinese Martyrs] (No Official WebsiteAug 25, 2001)*Greek Orthodox Maui Mission - [http://wwwstarbulletin.com/2007/06/02/features/adamski.mauigreekorthodoxmissionhtml Honolulu Star Bulletin article on Fr.com Official WebsiteAnatole Lyovin of the Russian Orthodox Church](June 2, 2007)*OCA Mission in Kona - [http://www.ocawestsrbdio.org/DIRlistinglatest_news/Visits_Fall2007/Hawaii.asp?SID=9&KEY=OCAhtml News from the Serbian Orthodox community in Hawaii][http://serbianorthodoxnews.blogspot.com/2007/11/serbian-WEhierarchal-KONOCX Official websiteliturgy-at-russian.html](Nov 10-11, 2007)