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The first liturgical Christian service held in Hawaii was a [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] [[Pascha]]l service. Somewhere Sometime between 1792 and 1750 - 1793*, while traveling from the Far East to what was then Russian America, a Russian trading ship stopped over in the Hawaiian Islands. The Russian Orthodox [[priest]], not wanting to celebrate Holy [[Pascha]] (Easter) at sea, instructed the captain to disembark. The captain then told the priest that he feared the "natives" but was then told, "They will not harm us, for we are Orthodox, and we bear the Light of Christ to illumine their hearts." They disembarked and blessed a temporary [[altar]] under a newly built temple made out of palms and bamboo and adorned with a Znammeny icon of the Mother of God and the Christ Child. It was rumored that as they departed the Orthodox priest left the icon used in the Paschal Liturgy. The ship's priest promised that, "We shall return and baptize these natives to the [[One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church|One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church]]."  The first Protestant service was a lay funeral service conducted by Capt. James Cook for an English sailor at Napo‘opo‘o (Kealakekua) on the Big Island of Hawaii in 1779. <i>*Exact dates differ from 1750, 1792, and 1793</i>

[[Image:Fortelizabeth.jpg|rightleft|frame|Russian Fort Elizabeth as it was in 1815 on the Island of Kauai]]In 1815, Russians built Hawaii's first [[Orthodox Church]]church; the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] chapel at [http[w://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Fort_Elizabeth Russian Fort Elizabeth|Fort Elizabeth]]. On the Island of Kaua'i, three Russian forts were built: Fort Alexander, Fort Barclay, and Fort Elizabeth. Fort Alexander also housed a small Orthodox chapel, but Fort Elizabeth was the trading base for the new Russian-American Company in Hawaii. When King Kaumuali'i of Kaua'i ceded his kingdom to King Kamehameha the Great in 1816 following the tsar's refusal to annex Kaua'i due to political troubles in Russia, the forts were also ceded, and the Hawaiian Islands become one unified kingdom. The chapels ultimately fell into disrepair after Calvinist missionaries from the United States landed in 1820 after the death of King Kamehameha I.

In 1882, the Hawaiian Kingdom sent a diplomatic delegation to St. Petersburg, Russia, to witness the coronation of Tsar Alexander III. The reports of the Hawaiian Hawaii's special envoy to the Russian court, Colonel Curtis I'Iaukeaaukea, about Secretary of Foreign Affairs for the Kingdom of Hawaii, regarding the Russian Orthodox [[liturgy|liturgical]] services were widely published in Hawaiian-language newspapers. Two years later, Tsar Alexander III sent King Kalakaua the Imperial Order of St. [[Alexander Nevsky|Alexander of Nevsky]], the highest Russian award, and established a permanent Russian embassy in Hawaii, along with a very small Orthodox chapel. Subsequently, 200 Ukrainians were imported by American sugar planters. 

In 1893, Queen Lili'uokalani was deposed by U.S. Marines and American sugar plantation owners, who were mostly the children of American Calvinist missionaries, and a provisional government under the protection of the United States was installed. In 1898, Hawaii was incorporated into the United States despite near universal opposition from native Hawaiians. In the early 1900s, the Russian ambassador to Hawaii was recalled, the embassy was moved to a small office, and the Russian Orthodox chapel was forever closed.

=== Rebirth of Orthodoxy ===[[Image:korchinskySt.gif|left|frame|A photo of Fr. Yakov Korchinsky from the Pacific Commercial Advertiser, January 23, 1916]] On [[November 27]], 1910 ([[Julian Calendar]]), with the blessing Innocent of the [[bishopMoscow]]s of Vladivostok and also made a brief stop-over in Hawaii during his travels from Asia to Western America, the first Russian Orthodox reader services were held by Reader Vasily Pasderin. November 27 was, and is, the "Feast Day of the Znamenny-[[Kursk Root Icon]] of the Sign of the [[Mother of God]]." [[Image:episcopal.jpg|right|thumb|100px|St. Andrew's Episcopal as it appears today in downtown Honolulu]]

In 1915, at the petition == Rebirth of the Russian Orthodox community to the Orthodoxy ==[[Holy SynodImage:korchinsky.gif|left|frame|A photo of Fr. Jacob Korchinsky from the Pacific Commercial Advertiser, January 23, 1916]] of the On [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox ChurchNovember 27]], a Russian Orthodox priest was dispatched to Hawaii to pastor the large population of 1910 ([[Church of RussiaJulian Calendar|Russian OrthodoxO.S.]] faithful. On Orthodox Christmas (Dec.25/Jan. 7), Protopresbyter Yakov Korchinsky celebrated the Divine Liturgy at Saint Andrew's Episcopal Cathedral in Honolulu, and he established permanent liturgical services. Thus Orthodoxy was re-established in Hawaii. Fr. Yakov, a wellFeast Day of the Znamenny-known [[missionaryKursk Root Icon]] priest, established churches in Canada, of the Sign of the United States, Alaska, and Australia. He was murdered in [[OdessaTheotokos|Mother of God]] shortly after the ), [[October RevolutionReader|reader services]] in Russiawere organized and served by Vasily Pasderin.

In subsequent years1915, an official request by the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] Church community in Hawaii shipped or flew priests to and the Episcopal Bishop of Hawaii , Henry B. Restarick to care for the dwindling Orthodox populationHoly Synod in St. [[Archimandrite]] Innokenty Dronov of Hilo, Petersburg; a contemporary priest was dispatched that same year to Hawaii (with the blessing of St. Archbishop [[Jonah Evdokim (Meschersky) of Manchuriathe Aleutians]] ) to pastor the large population of Orthodox Russian faithful. He establishsed permanent liturgical services in Hawaii and St. on [[John Maximovitch|John of Shanghai and San FranciscoChristmas]] and Metropolitan [[Meletius of HarbinDecember 25]], served the entire Orthodox Christian flock on all the Hawaiian Islands throughout the 1930s and 1940s(O. FrS. Innokenty had a large following of ) / [[Church of Japan|Japanese OrthodoxJanuary 7]] Christians(N.S. He frequently returned to ) 1916, Protopresbyter Jacob Korchinsky celebrated the [http://www.wadiocese.com Diocese in San Francisco] to report to Archbishops [[Appolinary of San Francisco|AppolinaryDivine Liturgy]] and [[Tikhon (Troitsky) of San Francisco|Tikhon of San Francisco]] and for medical reasonsat Saint Andrew's Episcopal Cathedral in Honolulu. He is now purportedly buried on the Big Island of Thus Orthodoxy was re-established in Hawaii.

[[Image:innokentyepiscopal.jpg|leftright|framethumb|100px|St. Andrew's Episcopal as it appears today in downtown Honolulu]]Fr. Innokenty Jacob, a well-known [[missionary]] priest, established churches in front Canada, the United States, Alaska, Australia and the Phillipines. He was murdered in [[Wikipedia:Odessa|Odessa]] on [[June 23]], 1941<ref>[http://www.rusvera.mrezha.ru/515/14.htm Газета "Вера" (Newspaper ''Faith'')]</ref>, but has not yet been officially recognized as a martyred saint. St. [[Tikhon of Moscow]] once quoted Fr. Jacob's missionary exploits this way, "He did much to convert the Old Apostles Episcopal church in Hilo in 1937heathens to the Christian Faith and returned many [[Uniate]] s to the Orthodox Church. He set the foundation for parish life in many places, built churches and assisted the unfortunate with his acquied medical knowledge." ''<br>(Report by Bishop Tikhon Belavin to the Holy Synod. No. 155 Nov. 26, 1906)''

=== The Problems In subsequent years, the Russian Orthodox church in Hawaii shipped or flew priests to Hawaii to care for the dwindling Orthodox population, becoming part of "Jurisdictions" ===the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]] (ROCOR). Fr. John Dorosh replaced Fr. Jacob in 1917. He was followed by several temporary priests, until [[Archimandrite]] Innokenty Dronov of Hilo, a contemporary of St. [[Jonah of Manchuria]] and St. [[John Maximovitch|John of Shanghai and San Francisco]] and Metropolitan [[Meletius (Zaborosky) of Harbin and Manchuria|Meletius of Harbin]], was dispatched and served the entire Orthodox Christian flock on all the Hawaiian Islands throughout the 1930s and 1940s. Fr. Innokentiy had a large following of [[Church of Japan|Japanese Orthodox]] Christians. He frequently returned to the [http://www.wadiocese.com Diocese in San Francisco] to report to Archbishops [[Apollinary (Koshevoy) of San Francisco|Apollinary (Koshevoy)]] and [[Tikhon (Troitsky) of San Francisco|Tikhon (Troitsky)]] and for medical reasons. He is now purportedly buried on the Big Island of Hawaii.[[Image:innokenty.jpg|left|frame|Fr. Innokenty in front of the Old Apostles Episcopal church in Hilo in 1937]]

== Multiple jurisdictions ==Up until the 1960s, the Russian Orthodox Church held canonical was the only Orthodox jurisdiction over in the Hawaiian Islands. After Following the 1960s, parishes from three seperate separate Orthodox jurisdictions established themselves in the Islands; : [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|Greek]], [[SerbianOrthodox Church in the USA and Canada|Serbian]], and [[OCA]]. At one point there were as many as five different Orthodox jurisdictions in the Hawaiian Islands. Despite this multiplicity of jurisdictions, all Orthodox churches in Hawaiiare in communion with one another and have friendly relations. (See also: [[Orthodoxy in America]], [[Diaspora]].)

In the mid to late 1990'''The Greek Church in s, a separate Russian Orthodox mission community was established on the Big Island of Hawaii'''. It later became inactive.

===The Greek Orthodox Church (GOARCH)===In the mid 1960s , a [[Greek]] Orthodox community established a separate Greek Orthodox parish mission under the auspices of the [[Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America|Greek Archdiocese]]. This community became known as the Saints [[http://www.schgoc.hi.goarch.org/ Ss. Constantine the Great|Constantine]] and [[Helen]] [[Church of Constantinople|Greek Orthodox Church]]. The current (and temporary) pastor of the Greek Orthodox community in Hawaii Dean is Fr. Demetrius DogiasAlexander Leong, he who was assigned to the parish in Honolulu in 2013. The community is under the omophorion of Metr. [[Gerasimos (Michaleas) of San Francisco]] ([[GOARCH]]). This community is well-known for its annual Greek church Festival held at Ala Moana Beach Park near Waikiki. Priest Alexander Leong is Dean of the Cathedral in Honolulu in 2007.

In the 90's on the Island of Maui1990s, a Greek Orthodox mission was establishedon the Island of Maui. It later became inactive, this but there are efforts underway to revive it. The mission is has been served by clergy of the from Ss. Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox church Cathedral in Honolulu.

'''The Russian Church [[Image:Bishop Benjamin.jpg|thumb|145px|right|Bishop Benjamin visits the OCA Kona Mission in Hawaii'''2004]]

Also in the 1960s, a group of Russian Orthodox faithful joined the Russian ===The Antiochian Orthodox Church in Hawaii and formed ===In 2003, the short-lived St. [[Mark of Ephesus]] Russian Orthodox Community. This community was later re[[consecrate]]d under the heavenly protection of the [[Mother of God]] and is now known as Paul the Holy [[Theotokos]] of Apostle [[Iveron]] Russian Antiochian Orthodox Church. In the late 1990s, the current pastor Christian Archdiocese of the [[Church of RussiaNorth America|Russian Antiochian Orthodox]] community, Father Anatole Lyovin, (one of the few [[Church Mission was established in Honolulu at Fort Shafter Army Base. The rector of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] priests since Archimandrite Innokenty) this mission was [[ordination|ordained]] to serve Fr. Isaiah Gillette, a chaplain with the Orthodox faithful in Hawaiimilitary. Following Fr. Currently there are plans Isaiah's transfer to build Texas, the first [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox]] [[church]] in Honolulumission was disbanded.

'''In 2013, this community purchased a building in [[w:Honomu|Honomu]], on the east side of Hawaiʻi. The Serbian east-side mission is known as [http://ascensionhilo.org Holy Ascension Orthodox Church in Hawaii'''].

In ==A Miracle in the Islands==During the month of October in the early 1990syear 2007, a Serbian community established an Orthodox mission dedicated to Saint [[Lazar great miracle occurred in the State of Serbia|Lazar Hawaii when the Miracleworking and Myrrh-streaming "Hawaiian" Iveron Icon of Kosovo]]. The Serbian mission later became inactive, and its remaining members joined the local Russian and Greek Orthodox churches. There has been a recent interest within Theotokos began streaming myrrh in the Serbian home of an Orthodox community Christian couple in Hawaii to re-establish this mission. In recent months, visiting clergy (including the Serbian bishop Maxim) have come from the mainland to minister to themHonolulu.

In June of 2008, the "Hawaiian" Iveron Icon of the Mother of God was declared to be a genuine and miraculous Icon, which was in fact exuding myrrh on a continuing basis. It was decided by Episcopal proclamation ([[Ukaz]]) that the Reader Nectarios, the Icon'''The Antiochian Church s original owner, be "Her" guardian and was to take the Icon to the various churches and monasteries of Holy Orthodoxy, in Hawaii'''effect, to provide for the veneration of all Orthodox Christians.

In 2000Since that time, the shortMiracle-lived St. Paul the Apostle Antiochian Orthodox Mission was established working Icon has visited over 350 churches and monasteries in Honolulu at Fort Shafter Army BaseNorth America, and has been venerated by over a quarter of a million people. The rector holy Icon has been a constant source of this mission was Fr. Isaiah Gillettea growing number of miraculous occurrences, a chaplain with including the militaryhealing of cancer, blindness, demonic possession, and various types of physical and spiritual infirmities. When Fr. Isaiah was transferred People have felt a deep spiritual connection to Texasthis Icon, this mission was disbandedeven spending hours on end simply standing before "Her", and watching the myrrh flow from the hands and stars on the image.

'''The OCA in May She forever protect the Christian faithful of Hawaii'''!

In early 2004 a new ==Parishes in Hawaii==*Holy Theotokos of Iveron Russian Orthodox Church (Honolulu) - [http://www.orthodoxhawaii.org Official website]*Ss. Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox community under the jurisdiction of the Cathedral (Honolulu) - [http://www.ssconhelhi.goarch.org Official Website]*St. Juvenaly Orthodox Mission (Big Island) - [http://oca.org/DIRlisting.asp?SID=9&KEY=OCA-WE-KONOCX OCA listing]] was established in Kona, Hawaii[http://stjuvenaly. They are overseen by visiting clergy from the mainlandorg Mission website]*St. This new mission has no association with the Lazar Serbian Orthodox Mission Parish (Oahu) - [http://www.westsrbdio.org/info/showarticle.php?article=church_hawaii Contact Information] (No resident clergy or regular services)*Maui Greek Orthodox Mission - [Church of Russia|Russian Orthodoxhttp://www.mauigreekorthodoxmission.com Official Website]] mission established by Archimandrite Innokenty Dronov (currently regrouping under the leadership of Hilo (+1940sSs. Constantine &amp; Helen).

==External LinksReferences==<references/>

*[http://enwww.wikipediaorthodoxhawaii.org/wiki/Russian_Fort_Elizabeth Fort Elizabethbook.html TWO HUNDRED YEARS ON THE ROAD: A History of the Orthodox Church in Hawaii] ==by Amir A. Khisamutdinov and Rev. Anatole V. Lyovin. The book chronicles the history of the Orthodox Churches Christian Church in Hawaii==the Hawaiian Islands from the 1700s to the present day. Containing rare photos and historical articles not seen before.*[[Wikipedia:Russian Fort Elizabeth]]*Holy Theotokos of Iveron Russian Orthodox Church of Hawaii - [http://www.orthodoxhawaii.org Official website/dronoff.html "From Island to Island with the Word of God on His Lips - How the Only Orthodox Priest on the Islands Lives and Works"]An article about Fr. Innokentiy Dronoff of Hilo from 1937, translated by Rev. Anatole V. Lyovin.*Ss. Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox Church - [http://wwworthodoxhistory.ssconhelhiorg/2010/01/06/fr-jacob-korchinsky-missionary-and-martyr/ Fr.goarchJacob Korchinsky: Missionary and Martyr] A historical account of slain Protopresbyter Jacob Korchinsky.org Official Website]*St. Lazar Serbian Orthodox Mission Parish - [http://wwwstarbulletin.westsrbdio.orgcom/2001/08/25/latest_newsfeatures/visit_to_Hawaiistory1.html News site"A Spiritual Connection" Greek Orthodox Church in Hawaii honors Chinese Martyrs] (No Official WebsiteAug 25, 2001)*Greek Orthodox Maui Mission - [http://wwwstarbulletin.com/2007/06/02/features/adamski.mauigreekorthodoxmissionhtml Honolulu Star Bulletin article on Fr.com Official WebsiteAnatole Lyovin of the Russian Orthodox Church](June 2, 2007)*OCA Mission in Kona - [http://www.ocawestsrbdio.org/DIRlistinglatest_news/Visits_Fall2007/Hawaii.asp?SID=9&KEY=OCAhtml News from the Serbian Orthodox community in Hawaii][http://serbianorthodoxnews.blogspot.com/2007/11/serbian-WEhierarchal-KONOCX Official websiteliturgy-at-russian.html](Nov 10-11, 2007)