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Our father among the [[saint]]s, '''Anatolius of Constantinople''' was Patriarch of the [[Church of Constantinople]] from 449 to 458. Although a member of the Alexandrian school, he condemned the [[heresy]] of [[Eutyches]] and [[Dioscorus I of Alexandria|Dioscorus]]. He is commemorated by the Church on [[July 3]] .
==Life==
Anatolius was born in Alexandria, Egypt. The date of his birth is unknown other than it was in the latter half of the fourth century. He was well educate, having studied philosophy. Anatolius was [[ordination|ordained]] a [[deacon]] by [[Cyril of Alexandria]]. Anatolius was present at the [[Third Ecumenical Council]] at [[Ephesus]] in 431, during which the holy Fathers condemned the false teaching of [[Nestorius]]. After the death of St. Cyril, he remained a deacon at Alexandria when the [[See]] of Alexandria was occupied by Pope Dioscorus.
In 449, with the support of the emperor Theodosius II Dioscorus and his followers convened a "[[Robber Council of Ephesus|Robber Council]]" at Ephesus, at which the Patriarch of Constantinople Flavian was [[deposition|deposed]]. Then, with the influence of Dioscorus with the emperor, Anatolius, who had been the apocrisiarius (representative) of Dioscorus, was appointed Patriarch of Constantinople.
Since he had been associated with Dioscorus, Anatolius was under suspicion of favoring [[Monophysitism|Eutychianism]] (Leo, Epp. ad. Theod. 33 ad Pulch. 35). But, after his [[consecration of a bishop|consecration]] Anatolius publicly condemned the teachings not only of [[Eutyches]], but also those of Nestorius. He also subscribed to the letters of Cyril against Nestorius and of Pope Leo I against Eutyches (Leo, Epp. 40, 41, 48). At a local Council in Constantinople in 450 Patr. Anatolius condemned the heresy of Eutyches and Dioscorus as he zealously set about restoring the purity of Orthodoxy.
With Pope Leo, he requested the emperor Marcian to summon a general council against Dioscorus and the Eutychians. At the council in [[Fourth Ecumenical Council|Chalcedon]] in 451, Anatolius presided in conjunction with the Roman legates (Labbe, Conc. Max. iv.; Evagr. H. E. ii. 4, 18; Niceph. H. E. xv. 18). The Fathers of the Chalcedon Council affirmed the dogma about the worship of the Lord Jesus Christ, "perfect in divinity and perfect in humanity, true God and true man, made known in two natures without mingling, without change, indivisibly, inseparably" (Greek: "asynkhutos, atreptos, adiairetos, akhoristos").
The council also passed the famous 28th canon that affirmed the [[Canon law|canon]] of the[[Second Ecumenical Council]] that placed Constantinople on an equal footing in dignity with Rome (Labbe, iv. 796; Evagr. ii. 18), and that the churches of Asia Minor, Greece, and the Black Sea region, including new churches that might arise in these regions, were placed under the [[jurisdiction]] of the Patriarch of Constantinople.
After a life of constant struggle against heresy and for truth, Patr. Anatolius died on July 3, 458, apparently at the hands of followers of Dioscorus.
==Hymns==
Patr. Anatolius made a large contribution to the literary treasury of the Orthodox Church. He composed liturgical [[hymn]]s for Sundays, for certain Feasts of the Lord (the Nativity and the Theophany of Christ), and for the [[martyr]]s: Ss. Panteleimon the Healer, [[George the Trophy-bearer|George the Victory-Bearer]], and [[Demetrius of Thessaloniki|Demetrius of Thessalonica]]). In the service books they are designated simply as "Anatolian" verses.
{{start box}}
{{succession|
before=[[Flavian the Confessor|Flavian]]|
title=[[List of Patriarchs of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople]]|
years=449–458|
after=Gennadius I}}
{{end box}}
==Sources==
*[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsLife.asp?FSID=101890 OCA: St Anatolius the Patriarch of Constantinople
*[[Wikipedia: Anatolius of Constantinople]]
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01457d.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Anatolius]
*[http://www.cblibrary.net/schaff_h/an/anatolius_of_constantinople.htm Anatolius of Constantinople]
[[Category:Bishops]]
[[Category:Martyrs]]
[[Category:Patriarchs of Constantinople]]
[[Category:Saints]]
==Life==
Anatolius was born in Alexandria, Egypt. The date of his birth is unknown other than it was in the latter half of the fourth century. He was well educate, having studied philosophy. Anatolius was [[ordination|ordained]] a [[deacon]] by [[Cyril of Alexandria]]. Anatolius was present at the [[Third Ecumenical Council]] at [[Ephesus]] in 431, during which the holy Fathers condemned the false teaching of [[Nestorius]]. After the death of St. Cyril, he remained a deacon at Alexandria when the [[See]] of Alexandria was occupied by Pope Dioscorus.
In 449, with the support of the emperor Theodosius II Dioscorus and his followers convened a "[[Robber Council of Ephesus|Robber Council]]" at Ephesus, at which the Patriarch of Constantinople Flavian was [[deposition|deposed]]. Then, with the influence of Dioscorus with the emperor, Anatolius, who had been the apocrisiarius (representative) of Dioscorus, was appointed Patriarch of Constantinople.
Since he had been associated with Dioscorus, Anatolius was under suspicion of favoring [[Monophysitism|Eutychianism]] (Leo, Epp. ad. Theod. 33 ad Pulch. 35). But, after his [[consecration of a bishop|consecration]] Anatolius publicly condemned the teachings not only of [[Eutyches]], but also those of Nestorius. He also subscribed to the letters of Cyril against Nestorius and of Pope Leo I against Eutyches (Leo, Epp. 40, 41, 48). At a local Council in Constantinople in 450 Patr. Anatolius condemned the heresy of Eutyches and Dioscorus as he zealously set about restoring the purity of Orthodoxy.
With Pope Leo, he requested the emperor Marcian to summon a general council against Dioscorus and the Eutychians. At the council in [[Fourth Ecumenical Council|Chalcedon]] in 451, Anatolius presided in conjunction with the Roman legates (Labbe, Conc. Max. iv.; Evagr. H. E. ii. 4, 18; Niceph. H. E. xv. 18). The Fathers of the Chalcedon Council affirmed the dogma about the worship of the Lord Jesus Christ, "perfect in divinity and perfect in humanity, true God and true man, made known in two natures without mingling, without change, indivisibly, inseparably" (Greek: "asynkhutos, atreptos, adiairetos, akhoristos").
The council also passed the famous 28th canon that affirmed the [[Canon law|canon]] of the[[Second Ecumenical Council]] that placed Constantinople on an equal footing in dignity with Rome (Labbe, iv. 796; Evagr. ii. 18), and that the churches of Asia Minor, Greece, and the Black Sea region, including new churches that might arise in these regions, were placed under the [[jurisdiction]] of the Patriarch of Constantinople.
After a life of constant struggle against heresy and for truth, Patr. Anatolius died on July 3, 458, apparently at the hands of followers of Dioscorus.
==Hymns==
Patr. Anatolius made a large contribution to the literary treasury of the Orthodox Church. He composed liturgical [[hymn]]s for Sundays, for certain Feasts of the Lord (the Nativity and the Theophany of Christ), and for the [[martyr]]s: Ss. Panteleimon the Healer, [[George the Trophy-bearer|George the Victory-Bearer]], and [[Demetrius of Thessaloniki|Demetrius of Thessalonica]]). In the service books they are designated simply as "Anatolian" verses.
{{start box}}
{{succession|
before=[[Flavian the Confessor|Flavian]]|
title=[[List of Patriarchs of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople]]|
years=449–458|
after=Gennadius I}}
{{end box}}
==Sources==
*[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsLife.asp?FSID=101890 OCA: St Anatolius the Patriarch of Constantinople
*[[Wikipedia: Anatolius of Constantinople]]
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01457d.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Anatolius]
*[http://www.cblibrary.net/schaff_h/an/anatolius_of_constantinople.htm Anatolius of Constantinople]
[[Category:Bishops]]
[[Category:Martyrs]]
[[Category:Patriarchs of Constantinople]]
[[Category:Saints]]
