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After the Bolsheviks took over the government of Russia, he joined the White Army in 1919 and became one of the main organizers of "Teams of the Sacred Cross" in Admiral Kolchak's White Army. After the defeat of Kolchak’s armies he remained in Russia and in 1920 he was appointed Bishop of Irkutsk.
Bp. Anatole was arrested by the Bolsheviks in April 1922 and was charged with hiding church property. In July he was sentenced to be executed. However, the sentence was reduced to ten years imprisonment in strict isolation. With his imprisonment he retired as bishop. In 1924, he was released from prison and appointed Archbishop of Irkutsk by Patriarch [[Tikhonof Moscow|Tikhon]]. The Provincial Administration, however, refused to allow him to register as Archbishop of Irkutsk or to occupy his cathedral, that had been taken over by the [[Living Church]]. Abp. Anatole took up residence in Omsk.
The time and place of Abp. Anatole's death is uncertain. His repose is dated variously as in November 1924 or on September 20, 1925 as well as September 20, 1920 and [[January 24]], 1921. In one account of his death he is recorded as dying quietly in Omsk: “He was vouchsafed a blessed repose in the [[altar]] of the Bratsk [[church]] during the [[Vigil]] for Sunday. Sensing the weakness of his heart, he said good-bye to all and, sitting in a chair as the choir was singing ‘Glory to God in the highest’, he quietly died".
