*1917 [[w:Bolshevik Revolution|Bolshevik Revolution]] throws [[Church of Russia]] into chaos, effectively stranding the fledgling Russian Orthodox mission in America; restoration of Moscow Patriarchate with [[Tikhon of Moscow|Tikhon]] as patriarch; British forces [[w:Battle of Jerusalem (1917)|capture Jerusalem]] from Ottoman Empire; [[Church of Georgia]]'s [[autocephaly]] restored ''de facto'' by political chaos in Russia; Balfour Declaration proclaims British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people"; [[Belogorsky St. Nicholas Orthodox Missionary Monastery Cathedral (Perm Krai, Russia)]] is consecrated as the largest cathedral in the Urals, but is soon captured by the Red Army.

*1917-21 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1917–1921)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign.]]*1918 Tsar [[Nicholas II of Russia]] murdered together with his wife [[Alexandra Romanov|Alexandra]] and children; Metr. [[Vladimir (Bogoyavlensky) of Kiev and Gallich]] first bishop to be tortured and slain by Russian Communists; deaths of of Hieromartyr [[Andronik of Perm|Andronik, Archbishop of Perm]] and [[Elizabeth the New Martyr]]; after the [[w:Armistice Day|Armistice]], in Britain the "St. Sophia Redemption Committee" is formed, whose members included two future Foreign Secretaries and many prominent public figures, seeking to restore [[Hagia Sophia (Constantinople)|Hagia Sophia]] into an Orthodox Church (1918-1922). *1918-1923 Allied [[w:Occupation of Constantinople|Occupation of Constantinople]].

*1920 Death of [[Nektarios of Aegina]]; publication of Encyclical Letters by Constantinople on Christian unity and on the Ecumenical Movement; re-establishment of the [[Church of Serbia|Patriarchate of Serbia]] with the unification of the [[w:Patriarchate of Karlovci|Patriarchate of Karlovci]] (in the Habsburg Monarchy) with the [[w:Metropolitanate of Belgrade|Metropolitanate of Belgrade]] (in the Kingdom of Serbia) and the election of Patr. [[Dimitrije (Pavlovic) of Serbia|Dimitrije (Pavlovic)]].*1921-28 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1921–1928)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign]].

*1922 [[Church of Albania]] declares [[autocephaly]] from [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]]; formation of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]]; [[w:British Mandate of Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]] begins; Vladimir Lenin proclaims establishment of the [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]; [[Solovetsky Monastery]] converted by Lenin's decree to the [[w:Solovki|"Solovki Special Purpose Camp"]], one of the earliest forced-labor camps of the Gulag where 75 bishops died, along with tens of thousands of laity ; Alcuin Club in England prints the Russian synod's report in favor of adapting Book of Common Prayer for Orthodox use; death of [[Ethnomartyr]] Metropolitan [[Chrysostomos (Kalafatis) of Smyrna]]; the predominatly Christian city of [[w:Great Fire of Smyrna|Smyrna is destroyed]], ending 1900 years of Christian civilization.

*1924 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Poland]]; death of [[Arsenios the Cappadocian]], the Wonderworker; Bp. [[Daniel William Alexander ]] convenes meeting in Kimberley, South Africa, which decides to secede from the African Church (a Protestant denomination) and affiliate with the (non-canonical) ''"African Orthodox Church" '' in New York under [[George Alexander McGuire]]; Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the USA splits into two separate jurisdictions, one for those from Galicia, and another for those from Carpatho-Ukraine, Croatia, Hungary and Slovakia. *1925 [[Church of Romania]] becomes a [[patriarchate]]; first Africans in sub-Saharan Africa baptized in Tanganyika by Fr. [[Nikodemos Sarikas]]; death of [[Tikhon of Moscow]]; death of [[Jonah of Manchuria]]. *1926 Polish Catholic National Church received as a [[Western Rite]] diocese in Poland of [[Church of Russia]] under Bp. Alexis of Grodno; [[John Maximovitch]] tonsured by [[ROCOR]] Metr. [[Anthony (Khrapovitsky) of Kiev]]; the Benedictine monastery [[w:Chevetogne Abbey|Chevetogne Abbey]] is founded in Belgium, dedicated to Christian unity, being a ‘double rite’ monastery having both Western (Latin rite) and Eastern (Byzantine rite) churches holding services every day. *1927 [[Daniel William Alexander ]] travels from South Africa to America to be consecrated a bishop of African Orthodox Church; Orthodox Archbishopric of Johannesburg established; bishops of Russian church in America authorize formation of [[American Orthodox Catholic Church]], including a [[Western Rite]] missionary outreach; death of [[Ambrose (Khelaia) the Confessor]]. *1928-41 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1928–1941)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign]].

*1932 Daniel William Alexander travels to [[Uganda ]] to meet Reuben Spartas, establishing African Orthodox Church there. *1933 [[Church of Greece]] bans [[Freemasonry]]; opening of the new Patriarchal Palace in Cairo by Patriarch [[Meletius IV (Metaxakis) of Constantinople|Meletios]], built at the expense of [[w:Greeks_in_Egypt#Egyptiot_Greek_benefactors|Egyptiot Greek benefactor]] Theodore Kotsikas; Vatican and Germany sign the [[w:Reichskonkordat|Reich Concordat]], guaranteeing the rights of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. *1934 [[Hieromartyr]] [[John (Pommers) of Riga]]; episcopal consecration of [[John Maximovitch]]; Daniel William Alexander travels to Kenya, establishing African Orthodox Church led by [[George (Gathuna) of Nitria|Arthur Gathuna]]; clergy opposing Nazi regime in Germany have homes raided by secret police; episcopal consecration of [[John Maximovitch]].

*1937 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Albania]]; [[Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology (Brookline, Massachusetts)|Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology]] founded; arrest of [[Alexander Hotovitzky]], missionary of America and [[Saint titles|hieromartyr]] of the Bolshevik yoke; Hieromartyr Bp. [[Seraphim (Zvezdinsky) of Dimitrov]] executed by firing squad (canonized by the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church]] in 2000); Hieromartyr Bp. [[Peter (Polyansky) of Moscow and Krutitsy]] executed by firing squad.

*1941 Martyrdom of [[Gorazd (Pavlik) of Prague]] by Nazis; [[Nicholas (Ono) of Japan]] is the first Japanese national to be consecrated an Orthodox bishop.*1941-44 [[Pskov Orthodox Mission]] works for the revival of Orthodox Church life in North-Western Russia and the three neighbouring Baltic republics (the 'Liberated Regions of Russia'), during their occupation by Nazi Germany .

*1943 [[Church of Russia]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Georgia]]; first constitution of the African Orthodox Church in East Africa signed by [[Christopher Reuben Spartas |Reuben Spartas]] and Arthur Gathuna; Joseph Stalin meets with hierarchs of Russian Orthodox Church to establish a "patriotic union," granting concessions to the church, including the gathering of the holy synod and the election of [[Sergius I (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergius I]] as patriarch of Moscow. *1943-44 Some 1944 Hundreds of Orthodox priests of the [[Church of Ukraine|Ukrainian Orthodox Church in Ukraine]] thought to have collaborated with the Soviet government eliminated, tortured or and drowned by Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists - [[w:Ukrainian Insurgent Army|Ukrainian Rebel Army]].*1944 Fr. , aided by [[Jean-Nectaire (Eastern Catholic Churches|Uniate]] Metr. Josyf Slipyj who was a spiritual leader of Nazi military units that were later condemned by the Nuremberg tribunal, and who was imprisoned by Soviet authorities for aiding the UPA. * 1944 Fr. [[Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky) of Saint-Denis|Evgraph (Kovalevsky)]] completes restoration of [[Divine Liturgy of according to St. Germaine Germanus of Paris|Liturgy of St. Germaine de Paris]]. *1945 [[Church of Bulgaria]]'s [[autocephaly]] generally recognized; library of early Christian texts discovered at Nag Hammadi in Egypt; Soviet Union annexes Czechoslovakia; [[Church of Russia]] claims jurisdiction over the [[Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia]]. *1945-90 Persecution 1958 In the post-war era the official organization of the [[Church of Albania|Orthodox Church in AlbaniaRussia]]was greatly expanded (although individual members of the clergy were occasionally arrested and exiled), with the number of open churches reaching ca. 25,000. *1946 1945-1990 Persecution of the [[Church of Albania|Orthodox Church in Albania]]. * 1946 Reuben Spartas of the African Orthodox Church visits Alexandria; Holy Synod of the [[Church of Alexandria]] officially recognizes and accepts the African Greek Orthodox Church in Kenya and Uganda; state-sponsored synod is held at Lviv, Ukraine in March, which officially dissolves the [[Union of Brest-Litovsk]] and integrates the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church into the Russian Orthodox Church, Soviet authorities arresting resisters or deporting them to Siberia; first post-war ROCOR Council of Bishops is convened in Munich. *1947 [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] discovered near Qumran in Egypt; death , pre-dating the Masoretic text by about a millenium, many fragments of which agree with the [[Septuagint]] version of the Bible over and against the Masoretic Text, proving that many of the variants in the Greek were also present in ancient Hebrew manuscripts; death of [[Alexis (Kabaliuk) of Carpathia|Alexei Kabalyiuk]], who played a major role in reviving Orthodoxy in [[w:Zakarpattia Oblast|Transcarpathia]] in the early 20th century. *1948 Establishment Martyrdom of Protopresbyter Dr. [[w:Gabriel Kostelnik]], a Carpatho-Russian priest who returned to the Orthodox Church soon after the end of World War II, having presided over the Lvov Assembly in March 1946 calling for the return of all Uniates to the Orthodox Faith; establishment of [[w:State of Israel|State of Israel]] and end of [[w:British Mandate of Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]]; [[Church of Russia]] re-grants [[autocephaly]] to the [[Church of Poland]] (after having revoked it in the aftermath of World War II); [[w:World Council of Churches|World Council of Churches]] is founded; [[Council of Moscow (1948)|Council of Moscow ]] is held on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the independence of the [[Church of Russia|Russian Church]] from [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], with representatives of the local Orthodox Churches rejecting all participation in the World Council of Churches. *1949 ; after the Soviet authorities revoke Union recognized the state of Israel, Israel returned all Russian church properties on its territory to the [[Moscow Patriarchate]], including the [[w:Russian Compound|Russian Compound]]. * 1949 Soviet authorities revoke the [[w:Union of Uzhhorod|Union of Uzhhorod]] of 1646, creating the Orthodox Eparchy of Mukachiv-Uzhhorod, under the Patriarch of Moscow; Communist takeover of China leads to oppression of religious groups. *1950 Pope [[w:Pope Pius XII|Pope Pius XII]] proclaims the [[w:Bodily Assumption|Bodily Assumption]] of the Virgin Mary as a dogma. *1951 ; [[Church Symeon (Du) of Shanghai|Symeon (Du)]] is consecrated Bishop of Tianjin in July, becoming the first Chinese Orthodox bishop, transferred in September to be Bishop of Shanghai (1950-1965). * 1951 [[Church of Russia]] grants [[autocephaly]] to the [[Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia|Czechoslovakian Orthodox Church]]; 1500th anniversary celebration of the [[Church of Jerusalem|Patriarchate of Jerusalem]]. *1952 New Death of [[Matrona of Moscow|Matrona the Wonderworker of Moscow]]; new Monastery of Panagia Soumela built in the village of Kastania, in Macedonia, Greece, housing the wonderworking icon of [[Panagia Soumela]], becoming a center of religious pilgrimage; Dr. *1953 Metr. Carl Jung publishes his ''[[Antony (Bashir) of New Yorkw:Answer to Job|Antony (Bashir)Answer to Job]]] accepts three ,'' addressing the 'problem of evil'; the [[Western Ritew:Bible translations (Amharic)|Revised Amharic Bible]] parishes into Syrian Metropolitanate in America(''H.I.M. *1957 Haile Sellassie I Authorized Royal Amharic Bible'') is produced under the [[Church http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Statement_on_the_Revised_Amharic_Bible patronage of RussiaEmperor Haile Selassie]] grants , being presented to him on April 19th, 1952, and first published in 1961.* 1952-1960 With the onset of the [[autonomyw:Mau Mau Uprising|Mau-Mau Movement]] to in Kenya (''British East Africa Protectorate''), the [[Orthodox Church of China]]is banished by the British Colonial Government suffering severe oppression. *1958 Patriarch of Antioch adopts provisions 1953 Metr. [[Antony (Bashir) of Russian synods of 1879 and 1907 for use by New York|Antony (Bashir)]] accepts three [[Western Rite]] parishes into Syrian Metropolitanate in America ; Western Orthodox . * 1956 [[Church of France comes under Abp. [[John MaximovitchChina]], who authorizes under Chinese administration is established under pressure from the use of the restored Gallican riteChinese authorities. *1959 Abp. 1957 [[Anastasios (Yannoulatos) Church of AlbaniaRussia]] grants [[autonomy]] establishes inter-Orthodox mission agency ''Porefthentes'' to revive the church's mission activities; autocephaly granted to the [[Church of Ethiopia]] by Coptic Pope [[Cyril VI (Atta) of AlexandriaChina]]. *1961 Creation of 1958-1964 In the USSR [[Western Rite Vicariatew:Nikita Khrushchev|Nikita Khrushchov]] in initiated his own campaign against the [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese Church of North AmericaRussia|Russian Orthodox Church]]; death and forced the closure of [[Luke (Voino-Yasenetsky) about 12,000 churches. Many closed churches were deastoyed.* 1958 Patr. of Simferopol]Antioch adopts provisions of Russian synods of 1879 and 1907 for use by [[Western Rite]] in America; consecration of first Western Orthodox Church in Uganda; first Pan-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; Yuri Gagarin becomes of France comes under Abp. [[John Maximovitch]], who authorizes the use of the first man to fly in outer spacerestored Gallican rite. *1962-1965 Second Vatican Council held in Rome, initiating major liturgical and theological reforms for the 1959 Abp. [[[Roman Catholic Church]], including restriction Anastasios (Yannoulatos) of ancient [[Tridentine MassAlbania]] and introduction of the Novus Ordo. *1963 1900th anniversary of martyrdom of [[Apostle Mark]]; second Panestablishes inter-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; 1000th anniversary celebration of founding of mission agency ''Porefthentes'' (''Go Ye'') to revive the church's mission activities; autocephaly granted to the [[Mount AthosChurch of Ethiopia]]. *1964 Meeting of Pope by Coptic Pope [[Paul Cyril VI (Atta) of RomeAlexandria]] and Patr. * 1961 Creation of [[Athenagoras I (Spyrou) of ConstantinopleWestern Rite Vicariate]] in Jerusalem; third Pan-the [[Antiochian Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; [[Synaxis Christian Archdiocese of the Saints of RostovNorth America]] established by resolution ; death of His Holiness Patriarch [[Alexei I Luke (SimanskyVoino-Yasenetsky) of Moscow|Alexis ISimferopol]]] and the Holy Synod ; consecration of the [[first Orthodox Church in Uganda; first Pan-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; first ever visit of Russia|Russian a Greek Orthodox Church]]Patriarch to Canada, as Patr. *1965 Pope Paul VI of Rome and Patriarch [[Athenagoras I (Spyrou) Benedict of ConstantinopleJerusalem]] mutually nullify begins a North-American tour to raise funds for the [[excommunicationrestoration of the shrines in the [[Holy Land]]s of 1054 ; Abp. [[John Maximovitch:w:Yuri Gagarin|Yuri Gagarin]] consecrates becomes the first man to fly in outer space; death of eminent psychologist Dr. [[Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky) of Saint-Denisw:Carl Jung|Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky)Carl Jung]] for Western Orthodox Church of France. *1966 The , often considered the first modern psychologist to state that the [[w:Cultural RevolutionPsyche (psychology)|Cultural Revolutionhuman psyche]] almost totally destroyed the young is "by nature religious" and to explore it in depth.* 1962 Philosopher and historian of science [[Church of Chinaw:Thomas Samuel Kuhn|Chinese Orthodox ChurchThomas Kuhn]].*1967 publishes ''[[Macedonian Orthodox Church w:The Structure of Scientific Revolutions|Church The Structure of MacedoniaScientific Revolutions]] unilaterally declares its ,'' a landmark study in the [[autocephalyw:Sociology of knowledge|sociology of knowledge]], making it independent of popularizing the terms "paradigm" and "paradigm shift", seeking to debunk the conception of cumulative scientific development as a myth.* 1962-1965 Second Vatican Council held in Rome, initiating major modernist liturgical and theological reforms for the [[Roman Catholic Church of Serbia]] (as yet unrecognized); Albania is declared an atheist state, closing all religious institutions including restriction of ancient [[Tridentine Mass]] and forbiding any religious practicesintroduction of the Novus Ordo.*1968 Visit to 1963 1900th anniversary of martyrdom of [[Patriarchate of AlexandriaApostle Mark]] by Vatican representatives; fourth second Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland. *1968-71 Millions Rhodes; 1000th anniversary celebration of founding of Christians, Muslims, Jews and others witness apparitions [[Mount Athos]]; independence of Kenya from British colonial rule eases the situation of the Orthodox Church, which is eventually recognized by President [[Theotokosw:Jomo Kenyatta|Virgin MaryJomo Kenyatta]] many times over a three year period over and receives help from the Coptic Orthodox [[Church of St. Mary at [[ZeitunCyprus]], Cairo, recognized as authentic by over time; on the [[Church Sunday of Alexandria (Coptic)|Coptic Orthodoxy]] March 3rd 1963 an assembly of priests and laypeople from Kenya and Uganda was held in Kampala, reaffirming their full support and attachment to the Greek Orthodox Church]] and other churchesPatriarchate of Alexandria. *1970 [[Orthodox Church in America|Russian-American Metropolia]] reconciles with 1964 Meeting of Pope [[Church Paul VI of RussiaRome]] and is granted Patr. [[autocephalyAthenagoras I (Spyrou) of Constantinople]], renamed as the in Jerusalem; third Pan-Orthodox Church Conference in America, returning control of Rhodes; [[Church Synaxis of the Saints of JapanRostov]] to Moscow, which grants it established by resolution of His Holiness Patriarch [[autonomyAlexei I (Simansky) of Moscow|Alexis I]]; glorification and the Holy Synod of the [[Herman Church of AlaskaRussia|Russian Orthodox Church]] in separate services by ; the [[w:Russian Compound|Russian Compound]] was purchased by the government of Israel from the ROCOR and the OCA; Abp. [[Makarios III Moscow Patriarchate]] (Mouskosexcept for the cathedral and one building) of Cyprus]] baptizes 10,000 into the Orthodox Church paid for in Kenya$3.5 million worth of oranges (The "Orange Deal"). *1971 1965 Pope Paul VI of Rome and Patriarch [[Theological School Athenagoras I (Spyrou) of Halki|Halki SeminaryConstantinople]] closed by Turkish authoritiesmutually nullify the [[excommunication]]s of 1054; Abp. *1974 1600th anniversary of death of [[Athanasius the GreatJohn Maximovitch]]. *1975 Division in the Antiochian church in North America overcome by the uniting of the two Antiochian archdioceses into one by Metr. consecrates [[Philip Jean-Nectaire (SalibaKovalevsky) of New York]] and Abp. [[Michael Saint-Denis|Jean-Nectaire (ShaheenKovalevsky) of Toledo]]for Western Orthodox Church of France; Joint Commission the office of Orthodox and Old Catholic theologians is established. *1976 First Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference at Orthodox Centre ''[[w:Latin Patriarch of Constantinople|Latin Patriarch of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Chambesy, SwitzerlandConstantinople]]'' is officially abolished. *1977 1966 [[w:Biblia Hebraica StuttgartensiaTranslation (relics)|Biblia Hebraica StuttgartensiaTranslation]] published. *1979 Pope of the sacred [[John Paul IIrelics]] visits Ecumenical Patriarchate; torture and martyrdom of Archim. Philoumenos, keeper of the Greek monastery Holy [[Apostle Titus]] of Jacob's Well Crete, from Venice (which took them in Samaria (Nablus, West Bank1669), by Israeli Fanatics who also desecrate back to the church. *1979 Joint Commission Greek Orthodox [[Archdiocese of Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches for Theological Dialogue established by Pope [[John Paul IICrete]] and Patr. ; the [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) w:Cultural Revolution|Cultural Revolution]] almost totally destroyed the young [[Church of ConstantinopleChina|Chinese Orthodox Church]]; the ''[[w:Index Librorum Prohibitorum|Index Librorum Prohibitorum]]'' ("List of Prohibited Books") is formally abolished on 14 June by Pope Paul VI. *1980 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission for Theological Dialogue, 1st plenary, met in Patmos and Rhodes. *1981 Lutheran-1967 [[Macedonian Orthodox Joint Commission meets for Church |Church of Macedonia]] unilaterally declares its [[autocephaly]], making it independent of the first time in Espoo, Finland. [[Church of Serbia]] (as yet unrecognized); Albania is declared an atheist state, closing all religious institutions and forbiding any religious practices.*1982 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes in Munich first official common document1968 Visit to [[Patriarchate of Alexandria]] by Vatican representatives, "The Mystery who give Patr. [[Nicholas VI of Alexandria|Nicholas VI]] a part of the Church and relics of [[Apostle Mark|St Mark]] from Venice, on behalf of the Eucharist in Light Pope [[Paul VI of the Mystery of the Holy Trinity"Rome|Paul VI]]; second Pre-Synodal fourth Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland; formal founding of [[Makarios III (Mouskos) of Cyprus|Makarios III]] Patriarchal Seminary in Nairobi, Kenya. *1984 Orthodox1968-Roman Catholic Joint Commission1971 Millions of Christians, 3rd plenaryMuslims, meets in Khania, Crete. *1985 Founding Jews and others witness apparitions of the [[Orthodox Christian Mission CenterTheotokos|Virgin Mary]] (OCMC) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; Lutheran-many times over a three year period over the Coptic Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "Divine RevelationChurch of St." *1986 Third Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in ChambesyMary at [[Zeitun]], Switzerland. *1987 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission issues common document "FaithCairo, Sacraments and recognized as authentic by the Unity [[Church of the Alexandria (Coptic)|Coptic Orthodox Church"; visit by Patr]] and other churches.* 1969 Metr. [[Demetrius I Philaret (PapadopoulosVoznesensky) of ConstantinopleNew York]] to Vatican. *1987 Group ([[ROCOR]]) issues the first of a series of twenty parishes "Sorrowful Epistles" (1969, 1971, 1975) to the primates of the local Orthodox Churches, condemning forays into [[Evangelical Orthodox Churchecumenism]], originally formed by former Campus Crusade for Christ leaders . * 1970 [[Peter GillquistOrthodox Church in America|Russian-American Metropolia]] and reconciles with [[Jon BraunChurch of Russia]], are received into and is granted [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Antiochian Archdioceseautocephaly]] in US, becoming renamed as the Antiochian Evangelical Orthodox Mission; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues the statement "Scripture and Tradition." *1988 1000th anniversary Church in America, returning control of [[Church of Orthodoxy in RussiaJapan]] to Moscow, which grants it [[autonomy]]; Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes common document "The Sacrament glorification of [[Herman of Order Alaska]] in separate services by the Sacramental Structure of ROCOR and the Church"OCA; Indonesian Muslim convert to Orthodoxy Fr. Abp. [[[Daniel Makarios III (Bambang DwiMouskos) Byantoro|Daniel Byantoroof Cyprus]] begins his mission in Indonesiabaptizes 10, sparking 000 into the rebirth of Orthodoxy there; [[Mount Athos]] is designated a UNESCO World Heritage siteOrthodox Church in Kenya. *1989 1971 [[Church Theological School of ConstantinopleHalki|Halki Seminary]] recognizes closed by Turkish authorities; inauguration of the new Patriarchal Palace of the [[autocephalyChurch of Alexandria]] at St Savva Monastery (21 November).* 1972 Death of the pioneer missionary Archim. [[Church of GeorgiaChrysostomos Papasarantopoulos]]; , having laboured to spread the Orthodox faith in [[Ephraim Archdiocese of PhilotheouKampala and All Uganda|Elder EphraimUganda]] begins founding , [[Mount AthosArchdiocese of Kenya|Kenya]], [[Archdiocese of Mwanza|Tanzania]], and [[Archdiocese of Central Africa|AthoniteCongo]]-style monasteries in North America; Lutheran. * 1973 Anglican-Orthodox dialogue began, when the Anglican-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "The Canon and the Inspiration of the Holy Scripture"Doctrinal Discussions (A/OJDD) held its first meeting in Oxford; glorification in Russia of Fr. [[Tikhon of MoscowChristopher Reuben Spartas|Reuben Mukasa Spartas]]is consecrated as Bp. Christophoros of Nilopolis; Uniate Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church legalizedFr. George Arthur Gatung'u Gathuna is consecrated as the Bishop of Nitrea on February 25 in Kagira, with the first black African Bishop of the Greek Catholics beginning seizure of property from Russian Orthodox Church, which they claimed as theirs prior to of Kenya.* 1974 1600th anniversary of death of [[Athanasius the synod of 1946Great]]. *1990 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Theological Commission meets in Freising, Germany; first Orthodox service in seventy years held 1975 Division in the Antiochian church in North America overcome by the uniting of the two Antiochian archdioceses into one by Metr. [[St. Basil's Cathedral Philip (MoscowSaliba)|St. Basil's Cathedralof New York]]; martyrdom of Frand Abp. [[Alexander MenMichael (Shaheen) of Toledo]]; [[Church Joint Commission of Ukraine (Kiev Patriarchate)|Ukrainian Orthodox Churchand Old Catholic theologians is established. * 1976 First Pre-Kiev Patriarchate]] (UOC-KP) selfSynodal Pan-proclaims its independance from the [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Conference at Orthodox Centre of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Chambesy, Switzerland; the first phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue was concluded by the publication of ''The Moscow Agreed Statement;'' the General Convention of the Episcopal Church|UAOC]] of the USA (both groups unrecognizedECUSA) approves ordination of women to all three orders: bishop, priest, and deacon.* 1977 The ''New Oxford Annotated Bible with the [[Apocrypha]] - [[w:Revised Standard Version|Revised Standard Version]] (Expanded Edition)'' is published, endorsed by Abp. [[Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain|Athenagoras (Kokkinakis)]] of Thyateira and Great Britain; [[w:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia|Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (BHS, 4th ed.) is published, including footnotes with possible corrections to the [[Masoretic text|Hebrew text]] based on the Samaritan Pentateuch, [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], [[Septuagint]], [[Vulgate]], and Peshitta. * 1979 Pope [[John Paul II]] visits Ecumenical Patriarchate; torture and martyrdom of Archim. [[Philoumenos (Hasapis) of Jacob's Well|Philoumenos (Hasapis)]], keeper of the Greek monastery of [[Jacob's Well]] in Samaria (Nablus, West Bank), by Zionist extremists who also desecrate the church; Joint Commission of Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches for Theological Dialogue established by Pope [[John Paul II]] and Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople]]. * 1980 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission for Theological Dialogue, 1st plenary, met in Patmos and Rhodes; Greek priest-monk Fr. Athanasios Anthides travelled to India to begin a systematic Orthodox Mission in the rural area of Arambah, in West Bengal; Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician [[w:Bob Marley|Bob Marley]] (+1981) is baptized by Abp. [[w:Abuna Yesehaq|Abuna Yesehaq]] of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian Orthodox Church]] in Kingston, Jamaica, on November 4, 1980.* 1981 Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission meets for the first time in Espoo, Finland. *1982 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes in Munich first official common document, "The Mystery of the Church and of the Eucharist in Light of the Mystery of the Holy Trinity"; second Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland; formal founding of [[Makarios III (Mouskos) of Cyprus|Makarios III]] Patriarchal Seminary in Nairobi, [[Archdiocese of Kenya|Kenya]]. * 1984 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission, 3rd plenary, meets in Khania, Crete; the second phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue was concluded with the publication of ''The Dublin Agreed Statement; '' [[New Martyrs|neomartyr]] Bp. [[Paul (de Ballester-Convallier) of Nazianzus]].* 1985 Founding of [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center]] (OCMC) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "Divine Revelation."* 1986 Third Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland. * 1987 Visit by Ecumenical Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople]] to Vatican; Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission issues common document "Faith, Sacraments and the Unity of the Church"; group of twenty parishes of the [[Evangelical Orthodox Church]], originally formed by former Campus Crusade for Christ leaders [[Peter Gillquist]] and [[Jon Braun]], are received into [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Antiochian Archdiocese]] in US, becoming the Antiochian Evangelical Orthodox Mission; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues the statement "Scripture and Tradition;" [[Optina Monastery]] was officially re-established; on [[August 19]] Patr. [[Pimen (Izvekov) of Moscow|Pimen]] of Moscow and All Russia, and Ec. Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople|Demetrios I]] of Constantinople co-celebrated the [[Divine Liturgy]] on the Feast of the [[Transfiguration]] at the [[Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra|Holy Trinity St. Sergius Monastery]] for the first time in 398 years (since January 1589); death of noted Russian iconographer [[Leonid Alexandrovich Ouspensky]].* 1988 1000th anniversary of Orthodoxy in Russia; the beginning of renaissance the Orthodoxy in USSR; Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes common document "The Sacrament of Order in the Sacramental Structure of the Church"; Indonesian Muslim convert to Orthodoxy Fr. [[Daniel (Bambang Dwi) Byantoro|Daniel Byantoro]] begins his mission in Indonesia, sparking the rebirth of Orthodoxy there; [[Mount Athos]] is designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.* 1989 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of the [[Church of Georgia]]; [[Ephraim of Philotheou|Elder Ephraim]] begins founding [[Mount Athos|Athonite]]-style monasteries in North America; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "The Canon and the Inspiration of the Holy Scripture"; glorification in Russia of [[Tikhon of Moscow]]; Uniate Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church legalized, with Greek Catholics beginning seizure of property from Russian Orthodox Church, which they claimed as theirs prior to the synod of 1946; the third phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue began, when the commission was re-constituted as The International Commission for Anglican-Orthodox Theological Dialogue (ICAOTD), under the chairmanship of Metr. [[John (Zizioulas) of Pergamon|John of Pergamon]] and Bp. Henry Hill (succeeded in 1990 by Bp. Mark Dyer); Orthodox-Oriental Orthodox Joint Commission adopts the first Agreed Statement on Christology, at a historic meeting at the Anba Bishoy Monastery, Egypt from June 20-24, 1989.* 1990 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Theological Commission meets in Freising, Germany; first Orthodox service in seventy years held in [[St. Basil's Cathedral (Moscow)|St. Basil's Cathedral]]; murder of Fr. [[Alexander Men]]; death of Fr. Athanasios Anthides, first Greek Orthodox Missionary to India, suceeded a year later by priest-monk Fr. [[Ignatios (Sennis) of Madagascar|Ignatios Sennis]], who came to Calcutta to continue the mission; Orthodox-Oriental Orthodox Joint Commission adopts the Second Agreed Statement; commemoration of the [[Optina Monastery]] [[Geronta|startsy]] was approved by the Synod of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia|Russian Church Abroad]] in 1990 (''and by [[Church of Russia|MP]] in 1996'').

*[[Timeline of Orthodoxy in Australia]] *[[Timeline of Orthodoxy in China]]

* DrNikolas K. Kathryn TsaiGvosdev. ''A Timeline of Eastern Church HistoryEmperors and Elections: Reconciling the Orthodox Tradition with Modern Politics.'' [[St. John of San Francisco Monastery (Manton, California)|Divine Ascent Press]]Huntington, CANY: Troitsa Books, 20042000. ISBN 0971413924 * Theodore Papadopoullos. ''Orthodox Church and Civil Authority.''From a [[Heterodox]] perspective''' Journal of Contemporary History.''' Vol. 2, No. 4, Church and Politics (Oct., 1967), pp.201-209.

* Boer, Harry R. ''A Short History of the Early Church'From a [[Heterodox]] perspective'''. (ISBN 0802813399) * Cairns, Earle E. ''Christianity Through the Centuries: A History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 0310208122) * Chadwick, Henry. ''The Early Church''. (ISBN 0140231994) * Collins, Michael, ed.; Price, Matthew Arlen. ''Story of Christianity: A Celebration of 2000 Years of Faith''. (ISBN 0789446057) * Eusebius Pamphilus; Cruse, C.F. (translator). ''Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History''. (ISBN 1565633717) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 1: From the Beginnings to the Council of Chalcedon''. (ISBN 0687171822) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 2: From Augustine to the Eve of the Reformation''. (ISBN 0687171830) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 3: From the Protestant Reformation to the Twentieth Century''. (ISBN 0687171849) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''The Story of Christianity, Volume 1: The Early Church to the Reformation''. (ISBN 0060633158) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''The Story of Christianity, Volume 2: Reformation to the Present Day''. (ISBN 0060633166) * Hall, Stuart G. ''Doctrine and Practice in the Early Church''. (ISBN 0802806295) * Hastings, Adrian, ed. ''A World History of Christianity''. (ISBN 0802848753) * Hussey, J. M. ''The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire: Oxford History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 0198264569)

* Schaff, Philip. ''History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 156563196X) * Wace, Henry; Piercy, William C., ed. ''A Dictionary of Christian Biography: Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D. With an Account of the Principal Sects and Heresies''. (ISBN 1565630572)