*1917 [[w:Bolshevik Revolution|Bolshevik Revolution]] throws [[Church of Russia]] into chaos, effectively stranding the fledgling Russian Orthodox mission in America; restoration of Moscow Patriarchate with [[Tikhon of Moscow|Tikhon]] as patriarch; British forces [[w:Battle of Jerusalem (1917)|capture Jerusalem]] from Ottoman Empire; [[Church of Georgia]]'s [[autocephaly]] restored ''de facto'' by political chaos in Russia; Balfour Declaration proclaims British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people"; [[Belogorsky St. Nicholas Orthodox Missionary Monastery Cathedral (Perm Krai, Russia)]] is consecrated as the largest cathedral in the Urals, but is soon captured by the Red Army.

*1917-21 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1917–1921)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign.]]*1918 Tsar [[Nicholas II of Russia]] murdered together with his wife [[Alexandra Romanov|Alexandra]] and children; Metr. [[Vladimir (Bogoyavlensky) of Kiev and Gallich]] first bishop to be tortured and slain by Russian Communists; deaths of of Hieromartyr [[Andronik of Perm|Andronik, Archbishop of Perm]] and [[Elizabeth the New Martyr]]; after the [[w:Armistice Day|Armistice]], in Britain the "St. Sophia Redemption Committee" is formed, whose members included two future Foreign Secretaries and many prominent public figures, seeking to restore [[Hagia Sophia (Constantinople)|Hagia Sophia]] into an Orthodox Church (1918-1922). *1918-1923 Allied [[w:Occupation of Constantinople|Occupation of Constantinople]].

*1920 Death of [[Nektarios of Aegina]]; publication of Encyclical Letters by Constantinople on Christian unity and on the Ecumenical Movement; re-establishment of the [[Church of Serbia|Patriarchate of Serbia]] with the unification of the [[w:Patriarchate of Karlovci|Patriarchate of Karlovci]] (in the Habsburg Monarchy) with the [[w:Metropolitanate of Belgrade|Metropolitanate of Belgrade]] (in the Kingdom of Serbia) and the election of Patr. [[Dimitrije (Pavlovic) of Serbia|Dimitrije (Pavlovic)]].*1921-28 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1921–1928)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign]].

*1922 [[Church of Albania]] declares [[autocephaly]] from [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]]; formation of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]]; [[w:British Mandate of Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]] begins; Vladimir Lenin proclaims establishment of the [[w:Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]; [[Solovetsky Monastery]] converted by Lenin's decree to the [[w:Solovki|"Solovki Special Purpose Camp"]], one of the earliest forced-labor camps of the Gulag where 75 bishops died, along with tens of thousands of laity ; Alcuin Club in England prints the Russian synod's report in favor of adapting Book of Common Prayer for Orthodox use; death of [[Ethnomartyr]] Metropolitan [[Chrysostomos (Kalafatis) of Smyrna]]; the predominatly Christian city of [[w:Great Fire of Smyrna|Smyrna is destroyed]], ending 1900 years of Christian civilization.

*1924 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Poland]]; death of [[Arsenios the Cappadocian]], the Wonderworker; Bp. [[Daniel William Alexander ]] convenes meeting in Kimberley, South Africa, which decides to secede from the African Church (a Protestant denomination) and affiliate with the (non-canonical) ''"African Orthodox Church" '' in New York under [[George Alexander McGuire]]; Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in the USA splits into two separate jurisdictions, one for those from Galicia, and another for those from Carpatho-Ukraine, Croatia, Hungary and Slovakia. *1925 [[Church of Romania]] becomes a [[patriarchate]]; first Africans in sub-Saharan Africa baptized in Tanganyika by Fr. [[Nikodemos Sarikas]]; death of [[Tikhon of Moscow]]; death of [[Jonah of Manchuria]]. *1926 Polish Catholic National Church received as a [[Western Rite]] diocese in Poland of [[Church of Russia]] under Bp. Alexis of Grodno; [[John Maximovitch]] tonsured by [[ROCOR]] Metr. [[Anthony (Khrapovitsky) of Kiev]]; the Benedictine monastery [[w:Chevetogne Abbey|Chevetogne Abbey]] is founded in Belgium, dedicated to Christian unity, being a ‘double rite’ monastery having both Western (Latin rite) and Eastern (Byzantine rite) churches holding services every day. *1927 [[Daniel William Alexander ]] travels from South Africa to America to be consecrated a bishop of African Orthodox Church; Orthodox Archbishopric of Johannesburg established; bishops of Russian church in America authorize formation of [[American Orthodox Catholic Church]], including a [[Western Rite]] missionary outreach; death of [[Ambrose (Khelaia) the Confessor]]. *1928-41 [[w:USSR Anti-Religious Campaign (1928–1941)|USSR Anti-Religious Campaign]].

*1932 Daniel William Alexander travels to [[Uganda ]] to meet Reuben Spartas, establishing African Orthodox Church there. *1933 [[Church of Greece]] bans [[Freemasonry]]; opening of the new Patriarchal Palace in Cairo by Patriarch [[Meletius IV (Metaxakis) of Constantinople|Meletios]], built at the expense of [[w:Greeks_in_Egypt#Egyptiot_Greek_benefactors|Egyptiot Greek benefactor]] Theodore Kotsikas; Vatican and Germany sign the [[w:Reichskonkordat|Reich Concordat]], guaranteeing the rights of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. *1934 [[Hieromartyr]] [[John (Pommers) of Riga]]; episcopal consecration of [[John Maximovitch]]; Daniel William Alexander travels to Kenya, establishing African Orthodox Church led by [[George (Gathuna) of Nitria|Arthur Gathuna]]; clergy opposing Nazi regime in Germany have homes raided by secret police; episcopal consecration of [[John Maximovitch]].

*1937 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Albania]]; [[Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology (Brookline, Massachusetts)|Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology]] founded; arrest of [[Alexander Hotovitzky]], missionary of America and [[Saint titles|hieromartyr]] of the Bolshevik yoke; Hieromartyr Bp. [[Seraphim (Zvezdinsky) of Dimitrov]] executed by firing squad (canonized by the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church]] in 2000); Hieromartyr Bp. [[Peter (Polyansky) of Moscow and Krutitsy]] executed by firing squad.

*1941 Martyrdom of [[Gorazd (Pavlik) of Prague]] by Nazis; [[Nicholas (Ono) of Japan]] is the first Japanese national to be consecrated an Orthodox bishop.*1941-44 [[Pskov Orthodox Mission]] works for the revival of Orthodox Church life in North-Western Russia and the three neighbouring Baltic republics (the 'Liberated Regions of Russia'), during their occupation by Nazi Germany .

*1943 [[Church of Russia]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Georgia]]; first constitution of the African Orthodox Church in East Africa signed by [[Christopher Reuben Spartas |Reuben Spartas]] and Arthur Gathuna; Joseph Stalin meets with hierarchs of Russian Orthodox Church to establish a "patriotic union," granting concessions to the church, including the gathering of the holy synod and the election of [[Sergius I (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergius I]] as patriarch of Moscow. *1943-44 1944 Hundreds of Orthodox priests of the [[Church of Ukraine|Ukrainian Orthodox Church]] eliminated, tortured and drowned by Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists - [[w:Ukrainian Insurgent Army|Ukrainian Rebel Army]], aided by [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Uniate]] Metr. Josyf Slipyj who was a spiritual leader of Nazi military units that were later condemned by the Nuremberg tribunal, and who was imprisoned by Soviet authorities for aiding the UPA. *1944 Fr. [[Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky) of Saint-Denis|Evgraph (Kovalevsky)]] completes restoration of [[Divine Liturgy according to St. Germanus of Paris|Liturgy of St. Germaine de Paris]]. *1945 [[Church of Bulgaria]]'s [[autocephaly]] generally recognized; library of early Christian texts discovered at Nag Hammadi in Egypt; Soviet Union annexes Czechoslovakia; [[Church of Russia]] claims jurisdiction over the [[Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia]]. *1945-90 Persecution 1958 In the post-war era the official organization of the [[Church of Albania|Orthodox Church in AlbaniaRussia]]. was greatly expanded (although individual members of the clergy were occasionally arrested and exiled), with the number of open churches reaching ca. 25,000. *1946 Reuben Spartas of the African Orthodox Church visits Alexandria; Holy Synod 1945-1990 Persecution of the [[Church of Alexandria]Albania|Orthodox Church in Albania]]. * 1946 Reuben Spartas of the African Orthodox Church visits Alexandria; Holy Synod of the [[Church of Alexandria]] officially recognizes and accepts the African Greek Orthodox Church in Kenya and Uganda; state-sponsored synod is held at Lviv, Ukraine in March, which officially dissolves the [[Union of Brest-Litovsk]] and integrates the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church into the Russian Orthodox Church, Soviet authorities arresting resisters or deporting them to Siberia. ; first post-war ROCOR Council of Bishops is convened in Munich. *1947 [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] discovered near Qumran in Egypt; death , pre-dating the Masoretic text by about a millenium, many fragments of which agree with the [[Alexis (Kabaliuk) of Carpathia|Alexei KabalyiukSeptuagint]]version of the Bible over and against the Masoretic Text, who proving that many of the variants in the Greek were also present in ancient Hebrew manuscripts; death of [[Alexis (Kabaliuk) of Carpathia|Alexei Kabalyiuk]], who played a major role in reviving Orthodoxy in [[w:Zakarpattia Oblast|Transcarpathia]] in the early 20th century. *1948 Establishment Martyrdom of Protopresbyter Dr. [[w:State of Israel|State of Israel]] and Gabriel Kostelnik]], a Carpatho-Russian priest who returned to the Orthodox Church soon after the end of [[w:British Mandate World War II, having presided over the Lvov Assembly in March 1946 calling for the return of all Uniates to the Orthodox Faith; establishment of [[w:State of Israel|State of Israel]] and end of [[w:British Mandate of Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]]; [[Church of Russia]] re-grants [[autocephaly]] to the [[Church of Poland]] (after having revoked it in the aftermath of World War II); [[w:World Council of Churches|World Council of Churches]] is founded; [[Council of Moscow is held (1948)|Council of Moscow]] is held on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the independence of the [[Church of Russia|Russian Church]] from [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], with representatives of the local Orthodox Churches rejecting all participation in the World Council of Churches. *1949 ; after the Soviet authorities revoke Union recognized the state of Israel, Israel returned all Russian church properties on its territory to the [[w:Moscow Patriarchate]], including the [[w:Russian Compound|Russian Compound]]. * 1949 Soviet authorities revoke the [[w:Union of Uzhhorod|Union of Uzhhorod]] of 1646, creating the Orthodox Eparchy of Mukachiv-Uzhhorod, under the Patriarch of Moscow; Communist takeover of China leads to oppression of religious groups. *1950 Pope [[w:Pope Pius XII|Pope Pius XII]] proclaims the [[w:Bodily Assumption|Bodily Assumption]] of the Virgin Mary as a dogma. *1951 ; [[Church Symeon (Du) of Shanghai|Symeon (Du)]] is consecrated Bishop of Tianjin in July, becoming the first Chinese Orthodox bishop, transferred in September to be Bishop of Shanghai (1950-1965). * 1951 [[Church of Russia]] grants [[autocephaly]] to the [[Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia|Czechoslovakian Orthodox Church]]; 1500th anniversary celebration of the [[Church of Jerusalem|Patriarchate of Jerusalem]]. *1952 New Death of [[Matrona of Moscow|Matrona the Wonderworker of Moscow]]; new Monastery of Panagia Soumela built in the village of Kastania, in Macedonia, Greece, housing the wonderworking icon of [[Panagia Soumela]], becoming a center of religious pilgrimage; Dr. *1953 Metr. Carl Jung publishes his ''[[Antony (Bashir) of New Yorkw:Answer to Job|Antony (Bashir)Answer to Job]] accepts three ,'' addressing the 'problem of evil'; the [[Western Ritew:Bible translations (Amharic)|Revised Amharic Bible]] parishes into Syrian Metropolitanate in America(''H.I.M. *1957 Haile Sellassie I Authorized Royal Amharic Bible'') is produced under the [[Church http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Statement_on_the_Revised_Amharic_Bible patronage of RussiaEmperor Haile Selassie]] grants , being presented to him on April 19th, 1952, and first published in 1961.* 1952-1960 With the onset of the [[autonomyw:Mau Mau Uprising|Mau-Mau Movement]] to in Kenya (''British East Africa Protectorate''), the [[Orthodox Church of China]]is banished by the British Colonial Government suffering severe oppression. *1958 Patriarch 1953 Metr. [[Antony (Bashir) of Antioch adopts provisions of Russian synods of 1879 and 1907 for use by New York|Antony (Bashir)]] accepts three [[Western Rite]] parishes into Syrian Metropolitanate in America ; Western Orthodox Church of France comes under Abp. . * 1956 [[John MaximovitchChurch of China]], who authorizes under Chinese administration is established under pressure from the use of the restored Gallican riteChinese authorities. *1959 Abp. 1957 [[Anastasios (Yannoulatos) of AlbaniaChurch of Russia]] grants [[autonomy]] establishes inter-Orthodox mission agency ''Porefthentes'' to revive the church's mission activities; autocephaly granted to the [[Church of Ethiopia]] by Coptic Pope [[Cyril VI (Atta) of AlexandriaChina]]. *1961 Creation of 1958-1964 In the USSR [[Western Rite Vicariatew:Nikita Khrushchev|Nikita Khrushchov]] in initiated his own campaign against the [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North AmericaChurch of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church]]; death and forced the closure of [[Luke (Voino-Yasenetsky) about 12,000 churches. Many closed churches were deastoyed.* 1958 Patr. of SimferopolAntioch adopts provisions of Russian synods of 1879 and 1907 for use by [[Western Rite]]in America; consecration of first Western Orthodox Church in Uganda; first Pan-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; Yuri Gagarin becomes of France comes under Abp. [[John Maximovitch]], who authorizes the use of the first man to fly in outer spacerestored Gallican rite. *1962-1965 Second Vatican Council held in Rome, initiating major liturgical and theological reforms for the 1959 Abp. [[Roman Catholic Church]], including restriction Anastasios (Yannoulatos) of ancient [[Tridentine MassAlbania]] and introduction of the Novus Ordo. *1963 1900th anniversary of martyrdom of [[Apostle Mark]]; second Panestablishes inter-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; 1000th anniversary celebration of founding of mission agency ''Porefthentes'' (''Go Ye'') to revive the church's mission activities; autocephaly granted to the [[Mount AthosChurch of Ethiopia]]. *1964 Meeting of Pope by Coptic Pope [[Paul Cyril VI (Atta) of RomeAlexandria]] and Patr. * 1961 Creation of [[Athenagoras I (Spyrou) of ConstantinopleWestern Rite Vicariate]] in Jerusalem; third Pan-the [[Antiochian Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; [[Synaxis Christian Archdiocese of the Saints of RostovNorth America]] established by resolution ; death of His Holiness Patriarch [[Alexei I Luke (SimanskyVoino-Yasenetsky) of Moscow|Alexis ISimferopol]]] and the Holy Synod ; consecration of the [[first Orthodox Church in Uganda; first Pan-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; first ever visit of Russia|Russian a Greek Orthodox Church]]Patriarch to Canada, as Patr. *1965 Pope Paul VI of Rome and Patriarch [[Athenagoras I (Spyrou) Benedict of ConstantinopleJerusalem]] mutually nullify begins a North-American tour to raise funds for the [[excommunicationrestoration of the shrines in the [[Holy Land]]s of 1054 ; Abp. [[John Maximovitch:w:Yuri Gagarin|Yuri Gagarin]] consecrates becomes the first man to fly in outer space; death of eminent psychologist Dr. [[Jean-Nectaire w:Carl Jung|Carl Jung]], often considered the first modern psychologist to state that the [[w:Psyche (Kovalevskypsychology) of Saint-Denis|Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky)human psyche]] for Western Orthodox Church of Franceis "by nature religious" and to explore it in depth. *1966 The 1962 Philosopher and historian of science [[w:Cultural RevolutionThomas Samuel Kuhn|Cultural RevolutionThomas Kuhn]] almost totally destroyed the young publishes ''[[Church w:The Structure of ChinaScientific Revolutions|Chinese Orthodox ChurchThe Structure of Scientific Revolutions]].*1967 ,'' a landmark study in the [[Macedonian Orthodox Church w:Sociology of knowledge|Church sociology of Macedonia]] unilaterally declares its [[autocephalyknowledge]], making it independent of popularizing the [[Church terms "paradigm" and "paradigm shift", seeking to debunk the conception of Serbia]] (cumulative scientific development as yet unrecognized); Albania is declared an atheist state, closing all religious institutions and forbiding any religious practicesa myth.*1968 Visit to 1962-1965 Second Vatican Council held in Rome, initiating major modernist liturgical and theological reforms for the [[Patriarchate Roman Catholic Church]], including restriction of Alexandriaancient [[Tridentine Mass]] by Vatican representatives; fourth Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerlandand introduction of the Novus Ordo. *1968-71 Millions 1963 1900th anniversary of Christians, Muslims, Jews and others witness apparitions martyrdom of the [[Theotokos|Virgin MaryApostle Mark]] many times over a three year period over the Coptic ; second Pan-Orthodox Church Conference in Rhodes; 1000th anniversary celebration of founding of St. Mary at [[ZeitunMount Athos]]; independence of Kenya from British colonial rule eases the situation of the Orthodox Church, Cairo, which is eventually recognized as authentic by President [[w:Jomo Kenyatta|Jomo Kenyatta]] and receives help from the [[Church of Alexandria (Coptic)|Coptic Orthodox ChurchCyprus]] and other churches. *1970 over time; on the [[Orthodox Church in America|Russian-American MetropoliaSunday of Orthodoxy]] reconciles with [[Church March 3rd 1963 an assembly of Russia]] priests and is granted [[autocephaly]]laypeople from Kenya and Uganda was held in Kampala, renamed as reaffirming their full support and attachment to the Greek Orthodox Church in America, returning control Patriarchate of Alexandria.* 1964 Meeting of Pope [[Church Paul VI of JapanRome]] to Moscow, which grants it and Patr. [[autonomyAthenagoras I (Spyrou) of Constantinople]]in Jerusalem; third Pan-Orthodox Conference in Rhodes; glorification of [[Herman Synaxis of Alaskathe Saints of Rostov]] in separate services established by the ROCOR and the OCA; Abp. resolution of His Holiness Patriarch [[Makarios III Alexei I (MouskosSimansky) of CyprusMoscow|Alexis I]] baptizes 10,000 into and the Holy Synod of the [[Church of Russia|Russian Orthodox Church in Kenya. *1971 ]]; the [[Theological School of Halkiw:Russian Compound|Halki SeminaryRussian Compound]] closed was purchased by Turkish authorities. *1974 1600th anniversary of death the government of Israel from the [[Athanasius the GreatMoscow Patriarchate]](except for the cathedral and one building), paid for in $3.5 million worth of oranges (The "Orange Deal"). *1975 Division in the Antiochian church in North America overcome by the uniting 1965 Pope Paul VI of the two Antiochian archdioceses into one by Metr. Rome and Patriarch [[Philip Athenagoras I (SalibaSpyrou) of New YorkConstantinople]] and mutually nullify the [[excommunication]]s of 1054; Abp. [[Michael John Maximovitch]] consecrates [[Jean-Nectaire (ShaheenKovalevsky) of Toledo]]. *1976 First Pre-Synodal PanSaint-Denis|Jean-Nectaire (Kovalevsky)]] for Western Orthodox Conference at Orthodox Centre Church of France; the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Chambesy, Switzerlandoffice of ''[[w:Latin Patriarch of Constantinople|Latin Patriarch of Constantinople]]'' is officially abolished. *1977 1966 [[w:Biblia Hebraica StuttgartensiaTranslation (relics)|Biblia Hebraica StuttgartensiaTranslation]] published. *1979 Pope of the sacred [[John Paul IIrelics]] of the Holy [[Apostle Titus]] visits Ecumenical Patriarchate; torture and martyrdom of Archim. PhiloumenosCrete, from Venice (which took them in 1669), keeper of back to the Greek monastery Orthodox [[Archdiocese of Jacob's Well in Samaria (Nablus, West Bank), by Israeli Fanatics who also desecrate Crete]]; the church. *1979 Joint Commission of Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches for Theological Dialogue established by Pope [[John Paul II[[w:Cultural Revolution|Cultural Revolution]] and Patr. almost totally destroyed the young [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) Church of ConstantinopleChina|Chinese Orthodox Church]]; the ''[[w:Index Librorum Prohibitorum|Index Librorum Prohibitorum]]'' ("List of Prohibited Books") is formally abolished on 14 June by Pope Paul VI. *1980 1967 [[Macedonian Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission for Theological DialogueChurch |Church of Macedonia]] unilaterally declares its [[autocephaly]], 1st plenary, met in Patmos and Rhodesmaking it independent of the [[Church of Serbia]] (as yet unrecognized); Albania is declared an atheist state, closing all religious institutions and forbiding any religious practices. *1981 Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission meets for the first time in Espoo1968 Visit to [[Patriarchate of Alexandria]] by Vatican representatives, Finlandwho give Patr. *1982 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes in Munich first official common document, "The Mystery [[Nicholas VI of Alexandria|Nicholas VI]] a part of the Church and relics of the Eucharist in Light [[Apostle Mark|St Mark]] from Venice, on behalf of the Mystery Pope [[Paul VI of the Holy Trinity"Rome|Paul VI]]; second Pre-Synodal fourth Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland; formal founding . * 1968-1971 Millions of [[Makarios III (Mouskos) Christians, Muslims, Jews and others witness apparitions of Cyprusthe [[Theotokos|Makarios IIIVirgin Mary]] Patriarchal Seminary in Nairobi, Kenya. *1984 many times over a three year period over the Coptic Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission, 3rd plenary, meets in Khania, CreteChurch of St. *1985 Founding of Mary at [[Orthodox Christian Mission CenterZeitun]] (OCMC, Cairo, recognized as authentic by the [[Church of Alexandria (Coptic) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; Lutheran-|Coptic Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "Divine RevelationChurch]] and other churches." *1986 Third Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland1969 Metr. *1987 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission [[Philaret (Voznesensky) of New York]] ([[ROCOR]]) issues common document the first of a series of "Sorrowful Epistles"Faith(1969, 1971, Sacraments and 1975) to the Unity primates of the Church"; visit by Patr. local Orthodox Churches, condemning forays into [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinopleecumenism]] to Vatican. *1987 Group of twenty parishes of the 1970 [[Evangelical Orthodox Churchin America|Russian-American Metropolia]], originally formed by former Campus Crusade for Christ leaders [[Peter Gillquistreconciles with [[Church of Russia]] and is granted [[Jon Braunautocephaly]], are received into renamed as the Orthodox Church in America, returning control of [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese Church of North America|Antiochian ArchdioceseJapan]] in USto Moscow, becoming the Antiochian Evangelical Orthodox Missionwhich grants it [[autonomy]]; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues glorification of [[Herman of Alaska]] in separate services by the statement "Scripture ROCOR and Traditionthe OCA; Abp." *1988 1000th anniversary [[Makarios III (Mouskos) of Orthodoxy in Russia; Cyprus]] baptizes 10,000 into the Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes common document "The Sacrament of Order Church in the Sacramental Structure Kenya. * 1971 [[Theological School of the Church"Halki|Halki Seminary]] closed by Turkish authorities; Indonesian Muslim convert to Orthodoxy Fr. inauguration of the new Patriarchal Palace of the [[Daniel Church of Alexandria]] at St Savva Monastery (Bambang Dwi21 November) Byantoro|Daniel Byantoro.* 1972 Death of pioneer missionary Archim. [[Chrysostomos Papasarantopoulos]] begins his mission in Indonesia, sparking having laboured to spread the rebirth of Orthodoxy there; Orthodox faith in [[Mount AthosArchdiocese of Kampala and All Uganda|Uganda]] is designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.*1989 , [[[Church Archdiocese of ConstantinopleKenya|Kenya]] recognizes , [[autocephalyArchdiocese of Mwanza|Tanzania]] of the , and [[Church Archdiocese of GeorgiaCentral Africa|Congo]]; [[Ephraim of Philotheou|Elder Ephraim]] begins founding . * 1973 Anglican-Orthodox dialogue began, when the Anglican-Orthodox Joint Doctrinal Discussions (A/OJDD) held its first meeting in Oxford; Fr. [[Mount AthosChristopher Reuben Spartas|AthoniteReuben Mukasa Spartas]]-style monasteries in North Americais consecrated as Bp. Christophoros of Nilopolis; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "The Canon and Fr. George Arthur Gatung'u Gathuna is consecrated as the Inspiration Bishop of Nitrea on February 25 in Kagira, the Holy Scripture"; glorification in Russia first black African Bishop of the Greek Orthodox Church of Kenya.* 1974 1600th anniversary of death of [[Tikhon of MoscowAthanasius the Great]]; Uniate Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church legalized, with Greek Catholics beginning seizure . * 1975 Division in the Antiochian church in North America overcome by the uniting of property from Russian Orthodox Church, which they claimed as theirs prior to the synod of 1946two Antiochian archdioceses into one by Metr. *1990 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Theological Commission meets in Freising, Germany; first Orthodox service in seventy years held in [[St. Basil's Cathedral (MoscowPhilip (Saliba)|St. Basil's Cathedralof New York]]; martyrdom of Frand Abp. [[Alexander MenMichael (Shaheen) of Toledo]]; [[Church Joint Commission of Ukraine (Kiev Patriarchate)|Ukrainian Orthodox ChurchOrthodox and Old Catholic theologians is established. * 1976 First Pre-Kiev Patriarchate]] (UOCSynodal Pan-KP) self-proclaims its independance from the [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Conference at Orthodox Centre of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Chambesy, Switzerland; the first phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue was concluded by the publication of ''The Moscow Agreed Statement;'' the General Convention of the Episcopal Church|UAOC]] of the USA (both groups unrecognizedECUSA) approves ordination of women to all three orders: bishop, priest, and deacon.* 1977 The ''New Oxford Annotated Bible with the [[Apocrypha]] - [[w:Revised Standard Version|Revised Standard Version]] (Expanded Edition)'' is published, endorsed by Abp. [[Athenagoras (Kokkinakis) of Thyateira and Great Britain|Athenagoras (Kokkinakis)]] of Thyateira and Great Britain; [[w:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia|Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]] (BHS, 4th ed.) is published, including footnotes with possible corrections to the [[Masoretic text|Hebrew text]] based on the Samaritan Pentateuch, [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], [[Septuagint]], [[Vulgate]], and Peshitta. * 1979 Pope [[John Paul II]] visits Ecumenical Patriarchate; torture and martyrdom of Archim. [[Philoumenos (Hasapis) of Jacob's Well|Philoumenos (Hasapis)]], keeper of the Greek monastery of [[Jacob's Well]] in Samaria (Nablus, West Bank), by Zionist extremists who also desecrate the church; Joint Commission of Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches for Theological Dialogue established by Pope [[John Paul II]] and Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople]]. * 1980 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission for Theological Dialogue, 1st plenary, met in Patmos and Rhodes; Greek priest-monk Fr. Athanasios Anthides travelled to India to begin a systematic Orthodox Mission in the rural area of Arambah, in West Bengal; Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician [[w:Bob Marley|Bob Marley]] (+1981) is baptized by Abp. [[w:Abuna Yesehaq|Abuna Yesehaq]] of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian Orthodox Church]] in Kingston, Jamaica, on November 4, 1980.* 1981 Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission meets for the first time in Espoo, Finland. *1982 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes in Munich first official common document, "The Mystery of the Church and of the Eucharist in Light of the Mystery of the Holy Trinity"; second Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland; formal founding of [[Makarios III (Mouskos) of Cyprus|Makarios III]] Patriarchal Seminary in Nairobi, [[Archdiocese of Kenya|Kenya]]. * 1984 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission, 3rd plenary, meets in Khania, Crete; the second phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue was concluded with the publication of ''The Dublin Agreed Statement; '' [[New Martyrs|neomartyr]] Bp. [[Paul (de Ballester-Convallier) of Nazianzus]].* 1985 Founding of [[Orthodox Christian Mission Center]] (OCMC) as Greek Archdiocesan Mission Center; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "Divine Revelation."* 1986 Third Pre-Synodal Pan-Orthodox Conference in Chambesy, Switzerland. * 1987 Visit by Ecumenical Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople]] to Vatican; Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission issues common document "Faith, Sacraments and the Unity of the Church"; group of twenty parishes of the [[Evangelical Orthodox Church]], originally formed by former Campus Crusade for Christ leaders [[Peter Gillquist]] and [[Jon Braun]], are received into [[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America|Antiochian Archdiocese]] in US, becoming the Antiochian Evangelical Orthodox Mission; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues the statement "Scripture and Tradition;" [[Optina Monastery]] was officially re-established; on [[August 19]] Patr. [[Pimen (Izvekov) of Moscow|Pimen]] of Moscow and All Russia, and Ec. Patr. [[Demetrius I (Papadopoulos) of Constantinople|Demetrios I]] of Constantinople co-celebrated the [[Divine Liturgy]] on the Feast of the [[Transfiguration]] at the [[Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra|Holy Trinity St. Sergius Monastery]] for the first time in 398 years (since January 1589); death of noted Russian iconographer [[Leonid Alexandrovich Ouspensky]].* 1988 1000th anniversary of Orthodoxy in Russia; the beginning of renaissance the Orthodoxy in USSR; Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Commission publishes common document "The Sacrament of Order in the Sacramental Structure of the Church"; Indonesian Muslim convert to Orthodoxy Fr. [[Daniel (Bambang Dwi) Byantoro|Daniel Byantoro]] begins his mission in Indonesia, sparking the rebirth of Orthodoxy there; [[Mount Athos]] is designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.* 1989 [[Church of Constantinople]] recognizes [[autocephaly]] of the [[Church of Georgia]]; [[Ephraim of Philotheou|Elder Ephraim]] begins founding [[Mount Athos|Athonite]]-style monasteries in North America; Lutheran-Orthodox Joint Commission issues statement "The Canon and the Inspiration of the Holy Scripture"; glorification in Russia of [[Tikhon of Moscow]]; Uniate Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church legalized, with Greek Catholics beginning seizure of property from Russian Orthodox Church, which they claimed as theirs prior to the synod of 1946; the third phase of the Anglican-Orthodox dialogue began, when the commission was re-constituted as The International Commission for Anglican-Orthodox Theological Dialogue (ICAOTD), under the chairmanship of Metr. [[John (Zizioulas) of Pergamon|John of Pergamon]] and Bp. Henry Hill (succeeded in 1990 by Bp. Mark Dyer); Orthodox-Oriental Orthodox Joint Commission adopts the first Agreed Statement on Christology, at a historic meeting at the Anba Bishoy Monastery, Egypt from June 20-24, 1989.* 1990 Orthodox-Roman Catholic Joint Theological Commission meets in Freising, Germany; first Orthodox service in seventy years held in [[St. Basil's Cathedral (Moscow)|St. Basil's Cathedral]]; murder of Fr. [[Alexander Men]]; death of Fr. Athanasios Anthides, first Greek Orthodox Missionary to India, suceeded a year later by priest-monk Fr. [[Ignatios (Sennis) of Madagascar|Ignatios Sennis]], who came to Calcutta to continue the mission; Orthodox-Oriental Orthodox Joint Commission adopts the Second Agreed Statement; commemoration of the [[Optina Monastery]] [[Geronta|startsy]] was approved by the Synod of the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia|Russian Church Abroad]] in 1990 (''and by [[Church of Russia|MP]] in 1996'').

*[[Timeline of Orthodoxy in Australia]] *[[Timeline of Orthodoxy in China]]

* DrNikolas K. Kathryn TsaiGvosdev. ''A Timeline of Eastern Church HistoryEmperors and Elections: Reconciling the Orthodox Tradition with Modern Politics.'' [[St. John of San Francisco Monastery (Manton, California)|Divine Ascent Press]]Huntington, CANY: Troitsa Books, 20042000. ISBN 0971413924 * Theodore Papadopoullos. ''Orthodox Church and Civil Authority.''From a [[Heterodox]] perspective''' Journal of Contemporary History.''' Vol. 2, No. 4, Church and Politics (Oct., 1967), pp.201-209.

* Boer, Harry R. ''A Short History of the Early Church'From a [[Heterodox]] perspective'''. (ISBN 0802813399) * Cairns, Earle E. ''Christianity Through the Centuries: A History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 0310208122) * Chadwick, Henry. ''The Early Church''. (ISBN 0140231994) * Collins, Michael, ed.; Price, Matthew Arlen. ''Story of Christianity: A Celebration of 2000 Years of Faith''. (ISBN 0789446057) * Eusebius Pamphilus; Cruse, C.F. (translator). ''Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History''. (ISBN 1565633717) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 1: From the Beginnings to the Council of Chalcedon''. (ISBN 0687171822) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 2: From Augustine to the Eve of the Reformation''. (ISBN 0687171830) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''A History of Christian Thought, Volume 3: From the Protestant Reformation to the Twentieth Century''. (ISBN 0687171849) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''The Story of Christianity, Volume 1: The Early Church to the Reformation''. (ISBN 0060633158) * Gonzalez, Justo L. ''The Story of Christianity, Volume 2: Reformation to the Present Day''. (ISBN 0060633166) * Hall, Stuart G. ''Doctrine and Practice in the Early Church''. (ISBN 0802806295) * Hastings, Adrian, ed. ''A World History of Christianity''. (ISBN 0802848753) * Hussey, J. M. ''The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire: Oxford History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 0198264569)

* Schaff, Philip. ''History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 156563196X) * Wace, Henry; Piercy, William C., ed. ''A Dictionary of Christian Biography: Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D. With an Account of the Principal Sects and Heresies''. (ISBN 1565630572)