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Wilfrid

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[[Image:wilfrid.jpg|right|thumb|St. Wilfrid, Bishop of York]]'''Saint Wilfrid''' (c. 634 - [[April 24]], 709; also called '''Wilfrith''' and '''Wilfred'') ', was a Saxon [[bishop]] who lived in England during the seventh century. He was a strong supporter of Roman rules and practices over those of the Celts and Saxons. In the dispute over the method for calculating the date of Easter, Bishop Wilfrid supported the Roman method at the Council of Whitby in 664. His [[feast day]] is well-known for [[October 12]].  ==Life==Wilfrid was born about the year 633 to a Northumbrian noble family. Unhappy with his life at home under his stepmother Wilfrid, at age fourteen, was sent to the court of King Oswiu and, then, at his scuffles with request to the Monastery of [[Lindisfarne]]. After three years at Lindisfarne, Wilfrid accompanied St. Benedict Biscop to Rome where Wilfrid became the pupil of the [[pope]]'s [[archdeacon]], Boniface. After returning to England, Wilfrid was given, in 658, the Monastery at Ripon by Alchfrid, the son of Oswiu. There, he established the Benedictine Rule and put forward Roman practices and rules. It wasn't until after five years as [[abbot]] of Ripon that Wilfrid was [[ordination|ordained]] a [[priest]]. To settle the dispute over Roman rules, the [[Synod of Whitby]] was convened in 664 at which Wilfrid's position was upheld. As a result Bishop [[Colman of Lindisfame|Colman]] and his [[monk]]s withdrew to the North, leaving Northumbria. With the departure of Bp. Colman, Wilfrid was elected his replacement, but chose to be consecrated in Gaul because of the lack of what he considered to be validly consecrated bishops in England at that time. Wilfrid delayed his return to England which resulted in his [[see]] being filled by [[Chad of Mercia]]. Thus, upon his return to Northumbria in 666, Wilfrid retired to his monastery at Ripon confining his activities to Lichfield and Kent in Mercia. In 669, after Archbishop [[Theodore of Tarsus|Theodore of Canterbury]] , found Chad's consecration defective, Chad withdrew and for Wilfrid became the Bishop of York. For the next nine years Wilfrid discharged his episcopal duties, founded monasteries, built churches, and improved the liturgy. After Ecgfrid succeeded his sharing father as king of Northumbria, Wilfrid's relations with the king deteriorated. Under these conditions Abp. Theodore implemented his plan to divide the very large [[Seediocese]] of York with StNorthumbria, an action that Wilfrid opposed. This led to the [[Chaddeposition]] of Wilfrid by king Ecgfrid and Wilfrid's journey to Rome and an appeal to Pope Agatho. While Pope Agatho ruled in Wilfrid's favour, Ecgfrid refused to honor the papal decree and imprisoned Wilfrid on his return to Northumbria before he was exiled to Selsey in Sussex. In Selsey, Wilfrid established an episcopal see and converted the pagan inhabitants of the Kingdom of Sussex to Christianity. Although Wilfrid and Abp. Theodore reconciled in 686, recurring disputes with the king, now Aldfrid, continued. Wilfrid was expelled again in 691. He went to Mercia, where he helped missionaries and acted as bishop for the Mercian king. His expulsion was appealed to Rome, which ordered a local council which was held at Austerfield in 702. The council, led by Archbishop of Canterbury Berhtwald, went against Wilfrid, and he again journeyed to Rome in 704 where he was again upheld. While he considered the re-organization of the dioceses in England unsatisfactory, Wilfrid regained possession of his Northumbrian monasteries of Ripon and Hexham.  Wilfrid spent his last days at his monastery at Ripon and reposed at Oundle on [[April 24]], 709. He was buried at his monastery in Ripon.
{{start box}}
{{succession|
before=Saint [[Chad|Chad of Mercia]]|
title=Bishop of York|
years=664(669)-678|
after=[[Bosa of York]]}}
{{succession|
before=Saint [[John of Beverley]]|
title=Bishop of Hexham|
years=705-709|
after=Saint [[Acca]]of Hexham}}
{{end box}}
 
==Sources==
*[[Wikipedia:Wilfrid]]
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15621c.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Wilfrid]
*[http://www.riponcathedral.info/cathedral.php?chpg=64&passsec=2 St Wilfrid]
*[http://www.orthodoxengland.org.uk/saintsw.htm Wilfrid Oct 12]
[[Category:Saints]]
[[Category:Bishops of York]]
[[Category:Bishops of Hexham]]
[[Category:7th-8th-century bishops]]
[[Category: 8th-century saints]]

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