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====257-260 (8th) Persecution of Christians under Emperor Valerian (253-260)====
*257 [[StephenI of Rome|Stephen]], Bp. of Rome, dies, perhaps martyred; [[Novatian ]] martyred during persecution under Valerian.
*258
** Roman soldier Romanus baptised by Martyr [[Lawrence of Rome|Laurence]], and immediately beheaded [[August 9]].
** Roman Martyr [[Lawrence of Rome|Laurence]], Archdeacon, d. [[August 10]]
** Roman Martyrs Pope [[Sixtus II of Rome|Xystus II (Sixtus)]], Deacon Felicissimus, and Deacon Agapitus, d. [[August 10]];
** [[Hippolytus of Rome]], dragged by wild horses over stones, d. [[August 13]].
** [[Concordia of Rome]], foster mother of [[Hippolytus of Rome|Hippolytus]], executed and body thrown into an unclean place, [[August 13]].
*305 '''Great martyrs: [[Panteleimon]]''' [[ July 27]]; '''[[Catherine of Alexandria]]''', d. [[November 24|Nov 24]]; '''[[Barbara of Heliopolis]]''', [[December 4]]; Martyrs Anicetus of Nicomedia and his nephew Photius <ref>Sts. Anicetus and Photius are mentioned in the prayers for the Blessing of Oil and the Lesser Blessing of Water (BOOK OF NEEDS, 1987, p. 230).</ref>, [[August 12]].
*306 '''Great martyrs:''' '''[[Theodore of the Tyro]]''', [[February 17]]; '''[[Demetrios of Thessaloniki]]''', [[October 26]]; Bp. [[Parthenios of Lampsacus]]; [[Adrian and Natalia|Adrian]], is martyred [[March 4]] at Nicomedia <ref>The accuracy of the dating is in question; some sources state that there were actually two Adrians martyred at Nicomedia, one under Diocletian, and one under Licinius. Saint Hadrian shares a feast day with his wife on [[September 8]]; he also has feast day alone on [[March 4]] and [[August 26]].</ref>; Cyril, Bp.of Antioch, dies at mines; ''Martyrs'' Aristocles, the Presbyter of Cyprus, Deacon Demetrian and Athanasius the Reader beheaded in Salamis under Maximian Galerius, [[June 20]].
*308 [[Jacob of Nisibis|James]] (d.338) appointed first Bp. of Nisibis (Syria).
*390
**[[Macarius the Great]], <ref>According to the Coptic Orthodox Synaxarium this date is 392. He was ninety-seven years old.</ref> [[January 19]]
**''Emperor Theodosius obliged to do public [[penance ]] by [[Ambrose of Milan]] for having suppressed a riot at Thessaloniki via a massacre.''
*391 [[Gregory the Theologian]], ABp. of Constantinople, reposed peacefully [[January 25]].
*412 [[Patrick of Ireland]] has a vision of God informing him that he will leave for Ireland; Barnabas of Asia Minor, and his nephew Sophronius, [[August 18]].
*415 ''Pelagianism is attacked at the [[Council of Diospolis]]''
*418 ''Pelagianism is condemned at the [[Councils of Carthage|Council of Carthage]]''
*419 King [[Brychan of Brecknock]] born, ca. 419, in South Wales.
*420 ''"Institutions of the Monastic Life"'' written by [[John Cassian]].
*714 [[Guthlac of Crowland]], hermit [[April 11]].
*716 [[Donald of Ogilvy]], Confessor of Scotland, [[July 15]].
*717 [[Dunchad Abbot of Iona]], [[March 24]].
*725 [[Cuthburga of Wimborne]], Queen and first abbess of Wimborne, [[August 31]].
*730 The Martyrs Julian, Marcian, John, James, Alexios, Dimitrios, Photios, Peter, Leontios, Maria the Patrician, the Protospatharios ("Sword-Captain") Gregory and Others suffered for holy icons under the Iconoclast emperor Leo the Isaurian (717-741), [[August 9]].
==Nineteenth century (1801-1900)==
*1803 Blessed [[Xenia of St. Petersburg]], [[February 6]].
*1804 [[Euthymius the Elder]], abbot of St. John the Baptist monastery in the Davit-Gareji Wilderness, d. [[August 8]].
*1805 [[Macarius Notaras of Corinth|Makarius of Corinth]], a central figure in the [[Kollyvades Movement]].
*1872 '''[[Phyletism]] declared [[heresy]] by [[Council of Jerusalem]].
*1877 Death of [[Arsenios of Paros]], [[January 31]].
*1879 [[Innocent of Alaska]], [[Equal-to-the-Apostles]], [[March 31]]; Nikolay Alexandrovich Motovilov, ''Servant to [[Seraphim of Sarov|Seraphim]]'', not glorified, d. [[January 14]].
*1882 [[Mitrophan Ji]] becomes the first Chinese ordained a priest in the [[Church of China]].
*1888 Glorification of the St. Petersburg [[Mother of God Joy of All Who Sorrow]] icon, [[July 23]].
*1890 ''c,'' ''[[Unseen Warfare]]'' further revised by [[Theophan the Recluse]].
*1891 [[Ambrose of Optina]], <ref>Saint [[Ambrose of Optina]] was canonised in 1988 by the local council of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]]</ref> died [[October 23]] (fd: [[October 10]]).
*1894 [[Theophan the Recluse]], [[January 6]].
*1900 [[Meletius of Ryazan |Meletius]], bishop of Ryazan, missionary to Yakutia, [[January 14]]; [[Martyrs of China|Martyrdom of Orthodox Christians]] in Chinese Boxer Rebellion (Yihetuan Movement), [[June 11]].
