8,921
edits
Changes
1149
*1147 Moscow founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruki, a ruler of the northeastern Rus'; [[w:Roger II of Sicily|Roger II of Sicily]] takes Corfu from the Byzantine Empire, and pillages Corinth, Athens and Thebes.
*1148 Death of [[Anthony the Roman]], Abbot and Wonder-worker of Novgorod.
*1149 On the 50th anniversary of the taking of Jerusalem by the First Crusade, Crusaders begin to renovate [[Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jerusalem)|Church of the Holy Sepulchre]] in Romanesque style, adding a bell tower; in August, 1149, Abbot [[w:Abbot Suger|Suger of St. Denis]] together with [[w:Bernard of Clairvaux|Bernard of Clairvaux]] laid plans for a series of councils which would summon all of France to a new crusade to the [[Holy Land]]; this call to crusade included voices such as [[w:Peter the Venerable|Peter, Abbot of Cluny]] who demanded vengeance on the [[Byzantine Empire]] over the failure of the Second Crusade, having correspondence with [[w:Roger II of Sicily|Roger of Sicily]] calling for an expedition against [[Constantinople]].<ref>John Gordon Rowe. ''The Papacy and the Greeks (1122-1153) (Part II).'' '''Church History''', Vol. 28, No. 3 (Sep., 1959), p.318. </ref>
*1156-57 [[Council of Constantinople (1156)|Council of Constantinople]] (Synod of Blachernae) is held under Patr. [[Luke of Constantinople|Luke Chrysoberges]] to condemn the errors of Soterichus Pantengenus, patriarch-elect of Antioch, and of some others, who asserted that the Sacrifice upon the [[Cross]] was offered to the [[God the Father|Father]] and to the [[Holy Spirit]] alone, and not to the Word, the [[Jesus Christ|Son of God]].
*1159 [[w:John of Salisbury|John of Salisbury]] authors ''[[w:Policraticus|Policraticus]]'', a treatise on government drawing from the [[Holy Scripture|Bible]], the [[w:Corpus Juris Civilis|Codex Justinianus]], and arguing for [[w:Divine Right of Kings|Divine Right of Kings]].
*1452 Unification of Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox Churches in Hagia Sophia on West's terms, when Emperor [[Constantine XI Palaiologos]], under pressure from Rome, allows the union to be proclaimed.
*1453 [[Fall of Constantinople|Constantinople falls]] to invasion of the Ottoman Turks, ending Roman Empire; [[Hagia Sophia (Constantinople)|Hagia Sophia]] turned into a mosque; martyrdom of [[Constantine XI Palaiologos]], last of the [[List of Byzantine Emperors|Byzantine Emperors]]; many Greek scholars escape to the West with books that become translated into Latin, triggering the [[w:Renaissance|Renaissance]].
==References==
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==Notes==
