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Timeline of Church History (Nicene Era (325-451))

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*347 [[Council of Sardica]].
*348 Death of [[Pachomius the Great]]; death of [[Spyridon of Trimythous]]; death of [[w:Abraham of Arbela|Abramius of Arbela]], Bp. of Arbela in Assyria, tortured and later beheaded under Shapur II.
*350 Bp. [[Jacob of Nisibis]] protected the city of Nisibis by his prayers during the Persian siege of [[w:Shapur II|Sapor II]]; [[Ninian]] establishes the church Candida Casa at Whithorn in Galloway, Scotland, beginning the missionary effort to the Picts.
*351 Apparition of the Sign of the [[Cross]] over Jerusalem.
*354 [[w:Theophilos the Indian|Theophilos the Indian]] was sent by Emperor [[w:Constantius II|Constantius II]] on a mission to south Asia via Arabia, where he is said to have converted the [[w:Himyarite Kingdom|Himyarites]] and built three churches in southwest Arabia; he is also said to have found Christians in India, along the [[w:Malabar Coast|Malabar Coast]], as recorded by the [[w:Anomoeanism|Anomoean]] (Arian) Church historian [[w:Philostorgius|Philostorgius]].
*360 [[Martin of Tours]] founds first French monastery at Liguge; first church of [[Hagia Sophia (Constantinople)|Hagia Sophia]] inaugurated by Emperor [[w:Constantius II|Constantius II]].
*361-63 [[Julian the Apostate]] becomes Roman emperor, attempting to restore paganism.
*362 Synod of Alexandria; Antiochian schism (362-414); death of [[Saint titles|Greatmartyr]] Artemius at Antioch; martyrdom of Roman soldier [[w:Eusignius|Eusignius]], who converted to Christianity at the age of 110. *363 Emperor [[w:Jovian|Jovian]] reestablished Christianity as the official religion of the Empire, stating that he preferred the Orthodox view, and that Athanasius was to be permitted to return to his see at Alexandria; martyrdom of [[w:Dometius of Persia|Dometius of Persia]] and two disciples.
*364 [[Council of Laodicea]] held.
*365-66 Brief exile and final restoration of [[Athanasius of Alexandria]].
*372 Death of [[Hilarion the Great]] of Palestine.
*373 Death of [[Athanasius the Great]]; death of [[Ephrem the Syrian]].
*374 Election of [[Ambrose of Milan|Ambrose]] as bishop of Milan; death of [[w:Nonna of Nazianzus|Nonna of Nazianzus]], mother of St [[Gregory the Theologian]].
*ca. 375 Emperor [[w:Gratian|Gratian]] relinquishes the pagan imperial title of ''[[w:Pontifex Maximus|Pontifex Maximus]],'' bestowing the title on Pope [[w:Pope Damasus I|Damasus I]] of Rome (although it was not until the fifteenth century that ''"Pontifex Maximus"'' became a regular title of honour for Popes).
*375 [[Basil the Great]] writes ''[[On the Holy Spirit]]'', confirming the divinity of the [[Holy Spirit]].
*379 Death of [[Basil the Great]]; Emperor Gratian's rescript ''Ordinariorum Sententias'' extends power of Bishop of Rome by allowing him authority over bishops within his own jurisdiction.
*380 Christianity established as the official faith of the Roman Empire by Emperor [[Theodosius the Great]]; [[Council of Saragossa]] condemns [[Priscillianism]].
*381 [[Second Ecumenical Council]] held in Constantinople, condemning [[Pneumatomachianism|Macedonianism/Pneumatomachianism]] and [[AppollinarianismApollinarianism]], declaring the divinity of the Holy Spirit, confirming the previous [[Ecumenical Council]], and completing the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed]]; [[Council of Aquileia]] led by [[Ambrose of Milan]] deposes Arian bishops.
*382 Pope [[Siricius of Rome]] first to bear title ''Pontifex Maximus''.
*383 Death of [[Frumentius of Axum]], bishop of Axum and Apostle to Ethiopia.
*386 [[Panagia Soumela Monastery]] founded in Trebizond, Pontus, Asia Minor; death of [[Cyril of Jerusalem]]; [[Theodosius the Great (emperor)|Theodosius the Great]] begins to rebuild the present-day [[w:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls|Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls]].
*387 [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]] baptized at [[Pascha]] by [[Ambrose of Milan]].
*390 Death of [[Horus of the Thebaid]].
*391 Death of [[Gregory the Theologian]].
*391-92 All non-Christian temples in the Empire closed; [[Theodosius the Great (emperor)|Theodosius the Great]] ends pagan Eleusinian Mysteries by decree and causes surviving pagan sacrifices at Alexandria and Rome to cease.
*395 [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]] becomes bishop of Hippo in North Africa; the placing of the cincture (sash) of the Most Holy [[Theotokos]] in the Church of the Virgin in Halkoprateia-Constantinople (395-408).
*395 Re-division of Empire with death of Emperor Theodosius the Great.
*397 [[Councils of Carthage|Council of Carthage]] publishes Biblical canon; death of [[Martin of Tours]]; death of [[Ambrose of Milan]].
*398 [[John Chrysostom]] becomes [[Archbishop]] of Constantinople.
*ca. 398 Martyrdom of 10,000 Fathers of the Scetis by Patriarch [[Theophilus of Alexandria]].
*399 [[Anastasius of Rome]] and other bishops condemn doctrine of [[Origen]]. ; Death of [[Evagrius Ponticus]]
*401 [[Augustine of Hippo]] writes ''Confessions''; Pope [[Innocent I of Rome]] supports [[John Chrysostom]] and condemns [[pelagianism]].
*ca.400 ''[[w:Babylonian_Talmud#Talmud_Yerushalmi_.28Jerusalem_Talmud.29|Jerusalem Talmud]]'' completed.
*425 Sanhedrin disbanded by the Roman Empire; [[w:University of Constantinople|University of Constantinople]] founded as the first university in the world.
*426 [[Augustine of Hippo]] writes ''The City of God''.
*428 [[Nestorius]] becomes patriarch of Constantinople; [[Translation (relics)|translation]] of the [[relics]] of the [[Apostle Stephen the Protomartyr]], found incorrupt, together with the relics of Sts. [[Nicodemus the Righteous]], [[Gamaliel]], and his son Abibus, from Jerusalem to Constantinople on [[August 2]].
*429 Pope [[Celestine of Rome|Celestine I]] dispatches prominent Gallo-Roman Bishops [[Germanus of Auxerre]] and Lupus of Troyes to Britain as missionary bishops and to combat the [[Pelagianism|Pelagian]] heresy; death of [[Sisoes the Great]].
*ca. 430 Death of [[Nilus of Sinai]].
*431 [[Third Ecumenical Council]] held in Ephesus, condemning [[Nestorianism]] and [[Pelagianism]], confirming the use of the term ''[[Theotokos]]'' to refer to the Virgin Mary, and confirming [[autocephaly]] of [[Church of Cyprus]]; Pope Celestine sends [[Palladius]] to Ireland.
*432 Return of [[Patrick of Ireland|Patrick]] to Ireland to begin missionary work; death of [[Ninian]], Apostle to the Picts.
[[Image:Seven Sleepers icon.jpeg|right|thumb|Icon of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus.]]
*433 [[Formulary of Peace]] completes the work of the [[Third Ecumenical Council]] by reconciling [[Cyril of Alexandria]] with [[John of Antioch]].
*435 Death of [[John Cassian]]; death of [[Acacius of Melitene]]; [[Nestorius]] exiled by Imperial edict to a monastery in a Sahara oasis.
*437 [[w:Seven Sleepers|Seven Sleepers of Ephesus]] awakened to prove resurrection of the dead.
*438 [[w:Codex Theodosianus|Codex Theodosianus]] published.
*439 Carthage falls to Vandals.
* Noll, Mark A. ''Turning Points: Decisive Moments in the History of Christianity''. (ISBN 080106211X)
* [[Jaroslav Pelikan|Pelikan, Jaroslav]]. ''The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine, Volume 1: The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100-600)''. (ISBN 0226653714)
* Merrill, Elmer Truesdell (Professor). ''The Church in the Fourth Century.'' '''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association.''' Vol.50, 1919. pp.101-121.*Rapp, Claudia. ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=iMTYAb7cALsC&source=gbs_navlinks_s Holy Bishops in Late Antiquity: The Nature of Christian Leadership in an Age of Transition].'' University of California Press, 2005. 346pp. ISBN 9780520242968
* Schaff, Philip. ''History of the Christian Church''. (ISBN 156563196X)
* Wace, Henry; Piercy, William C., ed. ''A Dictionary of Christian Biography: Literature to the End of the Sixth Century A.D. With an Account of the Principal Sects and Heresies''. (ISBN 1565630572)
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