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Timeline of Church History (Modern Era (1821-1917))

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*1832 [[Church of Serbia]] becomes ''de facto'' [[autocephaly|autocephalous]].
*1833 [[Church of Greece]] declares [[autocephaly]], making it independent of the [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]]; death of [[Seraphim of Sarov]].
*1835 On [[February 2]] the Ecumenical Patriarch [[Constantius II of Constantinople]] (1834-35) celebrating with 12 [[bishop]]s and an enormous flood of the faithful, [[Consecration of a church|consecrated]] the rebuilt [[Church of the Life-Giving Font of the Theotokos (Istanbul)|Church of the Life-Giving Font]] dedicating it to the Most Holy [[Theotokos]].
*1838 Oxford theologian Sir [[w:William Palmer (theologian)|William Palmer]] was the principal originator of the heretical [[Branch theory|Branch Theory]], in his two-volume ''Treatise on the Church of Christ.''
*1839 Synod of Polotsk abolishes [[Union of Brest-Litovsk]] in all areas under Russian rule as Greek Catholic dioceses in Lithuania and Belarus re-enter the Orthodox Church (with the exception of the eparchy of Chelm, in Polish territory, which was itself integrated into the Russian Orthodox Church in 1875).
*1840s Correspondence of Anglican William Palmer with [[Alexei Stepanovich Khomiakov|Alexei Khomakiov]], and [[Philaret (Drozdov) of Moscow |Philaret of Moscow]] towards establishment of [[Western Rite]] church in England.
*ca.1840s Emergence of the [[Neo-Byzantine architecture|Neo-Byzantine]] architectural revival style in the Russian Empire and Western Europe.
*1843-46 Massacre of over 10,000 Assyrian Christians (''Nestorian, Jacobite, Chaldean'') in Tiyare and Hakkari, near Nineveh in Kurdistan, by Beder Khan-bey.
*1858 The Russian Empire bought the [[w:Russian Compound|Russian Compound]] district in central Jerusalem (outside the walls), to offer Russian pilgrims spiritual supervision, provide assistance, and sponsor charitable and educational work among the Orthodox Arab population of Palestine and Syria.
*1859 [[w:Constantin von Tischendorf|Constantin von Tischendorf]] discovers [[w:Codex Sinaiticus|Codex Sinaiticus]] at [[St. Catherine's Monastery (Sinai)|St. Catherine's Monastery]]; Charles Darwin's ''[[w:On the Origin of Species|On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection]]'' published; Christian quarter of Damascus sacked by a Muslim mob also involving Turkish troops.
*1860 Death of [[Alexei Stepanovich Khomiakov|Alexei Khomiakov]], co-founder of the [[Slavophile movement]].
*1864 First Orthodox [[parish]] established on American soil in New Orleans, Louisiana, by Greeks; death of [[Jacob Netsvetov]]; Pope Pius IX presented his [[w:Syllabus of Errors|Syllabus of Errors]].
*1865 [[Church of Romania]] declares its [[autocephaly|independence]] from the [[Church of Constantinople]].
*1906 Rev. Henry Joy Fynes-Clinton (1875-1959) founds the [[Anglican and Eastern Churches Association]], becomes General Secretary of the Association from 1906-1920.
*1907 Archim. [[Eusebius Matthopoulos]] founds [[Brotherhood of Theologians Zoe|Zoe Brotherhood]]; Papal Bull ''Ea Semper'' issued, effectively subordinating Greek Catholic clergy in the United States to local Roman Catholic bishops; Commission on Anglican and Old Catholic Affairs of Russian synod reports in favor of adaptation of services from Book of Common Prayer and sets out criteria; ordination in Constantinople of first African-American Orthodox priest, the Very Rev. Fr. [[Raphael Morgan]], ''Priest-Apostolic'' to America and the West Indies.
*1908 Fr. [[Nikodemos Sarikas ]] sent to Johannesburg, Transvaal, by Ecumenical Patriarchate as first Orthodox priest there, leaving after a short time for German East Africa (later Tanzania) because of the opposition of Johannesburg Greeks to mission among Africans.
*1908 Death of [[John of Kronstadt]].
*1910 [[w:1910 World Missionary Conference|Edinburgh Missionary Conference]] is the formal beginning of the modern Protestant Christian ecumenical movement, a precursor to the World Council of Churches.
*1912 Death of [[Nicholas of Japan]]; [[Kyriopascha]] occurs.*1913 In a decree on August 27 the [[Church of Russia|Holy Synod of Russia]] declared the Onomatodoxy/[[w:Imiaslavie|Imiaslavie]] movement a heresy. *1914 Martyrdom of Fr. [[Maxim Sandovich]], Protomartyr of the [[w:Lemkos|Lemko]] people; [[w:Christmas truce|Christmas Truce]] between British and German troops stationed along the Western Front during [[Nativity|Christmas]] 1914.
*1915-18 [[w:Armenian Genocide|Armenian Genocide]] in Turkey.
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