The '''[[autocephaly|autocephalous]] and [[autonomy|autonomous]] Orthodox churches''' are those churches which have self-government. These churches also constitute what is generally known simply as ''the Orthodox Church'', but may also be referred to as the ''mainstream Orthodox Church'' or ''world Orthodoxy''. They all recognize one another and are in [[full communion]] with each other.

That they constitute the "mainstream" (i.e., that they are legitimately and/or exclusively Orthodox) is disputed by a number of groups with whom they are not in communion, such as most of the [[Old Calendarists]]. Despite these churches all being in [[full communion]] with one another, there is not currently unanimous agreement on which churches are considered autocephalous or autonomous. There is, however, an order which is followed in international Inter-Orthodox gatherings, which is included here first. There is an expanded order which is recognized by some churches, most notably the [[Church of Russia]] and its dependencies and historical daughter churches.