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Roman Catholic Church

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: The term ''This article is regarding '''Catholic Church''''' refers to those Churches (including the post[[Eastern Catholic Churches]] and other non-Latin rite churches) in communion with the [[Bishop]] of Rome, the [[Pope]]. It arose in Western Europe, parts of Eastern Europe, and parts of the Middle East (particularly in the area of modern day Lebanon) after the Great Schism in 1054 A.D. In 1054 a [[Great Schism|Schismschism]] Roman Catholic Churchbetween Rome and the other patriarchal sees resulted from widening differences between the Eastern and Western Churches. For The cause of the schism was initially a dispute over papal authority and the pre-Schism Orthodox Church soundness of Rometheology surrounding the term ''[[filioque]]'', see a word which was interpolated by the Western Church to the [[Church of RomeNicene-Constantinopolitan Creed|Creed]]for use in its own liturgy without the consent of the Eastern bishops and contrary to the decision of the First Council of Epheseus (431). Nevertheless, the effects of the schism were not immediately felt everywhere, and it was only over time that the current complete lack of communion between the Eastern Orthodox Churches and Catholic Church became widespread.''
The term '''''Today, the main differences between the [[Orthodox Church]] and the Roman Catholic Churchcontinue to be the inclusion of ''filioque''' refers to those churches (including in the [[Eastern Catholic Churches]] Creed and other non-Latin rite churches) in communion with the [[Bishop]] scope of Rome, the [[Pope]]papal authority. It also can refer specifically Consequent to the bishops under the pope's direct [[jurisdiction]]papal authority, i.e.however, the Latin rite. Historically, the [[Roman Catholic Church has made pronouncements of Rome]] was one of the [[Pentarchydoctrine]] and enjoyed communion with since the Great Schism (such as [[Orthodox ChurchPurgatory]]. In 1054 a , the [[Great Schism|schismImmaculate Conception]] between Rome , original sin and the other patriarchal sees resulted from widening differences between Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism. The cause of the schism was initially a dispute over papal authority and the soundness of theology surrounding the term ''[[filioque]]''infallibility), a word which was added are not sanctioned by the Western churches to the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed|Creed]] without the consent bishops of the Eastern Orthodox bishopsChurches. NeverthelessThese pronouncements, and the effects of the schism were not immediately felt everywheretheological understanding behind them, and it was only over time that present another obstacle to the current complete lack unity of communion between the Catholic and Orthodox and Roman Catholics became widespread. The process of mutual distrust was furthered by the unfortunate sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204Churches.
Today, the main differences between the [[Orthodox Church]] and the Roman Catholic Church continue to be the inclusion of ''filioque'' in the Creed (and its concomitant theology of double-procession&#8212;that the Spirit proceeds from the Father ''and the Son'') and the scope of papal authority. HoweverFurthermore, most Orthodox also believe that there is has developed a distinct difference in spirit the therapeutic method (Nafpatkos, <i>Illness and attitude, which is expressed Cure of the Soul in the manner of doing theology as well as concrete differences Orthodox Tradition</i>). This difference is rooted in pastoral care. Additionally, the Roman Catholic Church has made pronouncements fundamentally different diagnoses of [[dogma]] since the Great Schism (such as [[Purgatory]]human condition, including original sin, the [[Immaculate Conception]]fall, and papal infallibility)human nature, and other matters finally the cure of doctrine (such as original sin)the soul, which are regarded as false. These pronouncements, and the theological understanding behind them, present another obstacle to the unity of Catholic and Orthodoxis sanctification or [[theosis]].
Efforts however have been made by the Pope and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, amongst other Orthodox bishops, to restore unity, including a visit by Pope Benedict XVI to the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in 2006.
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==See also==
* For the pre-Schism Orthodox Church of Rome, see [[Church of Rome]].
* [[Maronite Catholic Church]]
* [[Melkite Greek Church]]
* Official website of the [http://www.vatican.va Vatican]
* [http://www.zenit.org Zenit - The World Seen from Rome] - An excellent source of news and reflection for worlds events from a Roman Catholic perspective.
* [http://thecatholicwikiwww.com cathwiki.org Cathwiki: The Catholic Wiki ProjectEncyclopedia and Directory] - The equivalent project for the Roman Catholic Community*[http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Leo13/l13praec.htm PRAECLARA GRATULATIONIS PUBLICAE] THE REUNION OF CHRISTENDOM Encyclical Letter of Pope Leo XIII June 20, 1894* Dr. [[w:Anthony Kenny|Anthony Kenny]]. ''[http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/the_tls/article5843760.ece Follies of Roman Catholicism: How the Catholic Church failed to save itself from the Reformation].'' '''TIMESONLINE.''' (From The Times Literary Supplement), March 4, 2009.
===Orthodox Christians on Roman Catholicism===
*[http://www.orthodoxytoday.org/articles6/HopkoPope.php Roman Presidency and Christian Unity in our Time] by Fr. [[Thomas Hopko]]
*[http://www.myriobiblos.gr/texts/english/roman_church.htm The Schism of the Roman Church] – (Jοhn Ν. Karmiris) Myriobiblos Library, Church of Greece
*[http://www.oca.org/Docs.asp?ID=186&SID=12 Primacy theme of Catholic-Orthodox dialogue] - V Rev. [[Leonid Kishkovsky]]
 
[[Category:Non-Orthodox]]
 
[[ar:كنيسة الروم الكاثوليكي]]
[[es:Iglesia Católica Apostólica Romana]]
[[ro:Biserica Romano-Catolică]]
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