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Panagia Blachernitissa

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The ''''Panagia of BlachernitissaBlachernae''' (Gr. ''Παναγία η Βλαχερνίτισσα''), also known as Turkish: ''Meryem Ana Kilisesi''Blachernae) <ref> Also known as ''Blachernitissa', 'or ''Vlachernae''', or '''Vlahernon''', </ref> is a 7th century Byzantine [[Hodegetria]] type [[icon]] from [[Constantinople ]] preserved in the imperial palace of Blachernai[[Church of the Virgin of Blachernae (Istanbul)|Blachernae]]. The icon, according to tradition, was not written; rather, it was made from a composition of wax and the ashes of 6th-century [[martyr]]ed Christians.<ref>[[w:Blachernitissa|''Blachernitissa'' at Wikipedia]]</ref> Within the <ref>The Eastern Orthodox [[Church, ]] tradition is that there is only one ''other '' icon of this type&mdash;see the icon of the [[Archangel Michael of Mantamados]]. The </ref> This icon were defaced during the 1955 Riots in Istanbul. A rare copy of the ''Blachernitissa'' icon is currently also located in Russia at the [[Tretyakov Gallery]].
==Name ambiguityOrigins of the name==It is possible that the ''Blachernitissa'' and the ''Blachernae'' might not be one and the same icon. There are two geographical places with the name named "Blachernae" and "Vlachernae", respectivaly." The first location , and recognised as the origins of the Blachernae icon and church tradition, is a district of Istanbul in Constantinople Turkey and is most commonly spelt with a '''B'''. The second area, and the second is a municipality in the prefecture of Arta, Greece. It ; it is not so well known and is most commonly spelt with a '''V'''. The correct spelling for the icon and the Church should therefore begin with a "B". There are many anecdotes attempting to describe the origins of the name '''Blachernae'' of Istanbul, Turkey:1) The first is that the origin of the name is derived from a type of fish pronounced in Greek as ''Palamyda''. This type of fish would be fished from the Bosphorus river. In Latin, the same type of fish is pronounced ''Lakernai'' and this anecdote says that the dialect of the region pronounced ''Lakernai'' as ''Blachernai''<ref> This opinion was supported by ''Skarlatos Byzantios'' who refers to this in Volume I of the Constantinople Theofilakton of 1351.</ref>
==Churches==
*The '''[[Church of Panagia Blachernae (Istanbul)|The first Church of Blachernae, Constantinople:The best known and most celebrated [http://www.ec-patr.org/afieroma/churches/show.php?lang=en&id=02 shrine Church of the Holy Virgin in Constantinople] is the church of Panagia of Blachernae. :'''''The Shrine of Blachernai''''' <!--- Do not bullet, this is a sub-topic of above bullet--->::Blachernai, near the northern tip of the walls of Theodosios, was the site of major shrine of the Virgin Mary in Constantinople built by the Empress [[Pulcheria the Empress|PulcheriaIstanbul (Turkey)]] (ca. 450). A circular chapel (the ''Soros''), was built by Emperor Leo I (457-474) next to the church to hold the robe of the Virgin Mary, brought from Palestine in 473. The church was burnt down in 1070. It was rebuilt by 1077 by either Romanos IV Diogenes (1067-71) or Michael VII (1071-87) and then destroyed again in 1434. Next to it was a bathhouse where a spring flowed, and which still flows in the modern church on the site.<ref>[http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/byzans-l/log.started941201/mail-21.html ''Oxford Dictionary *Church of Byzantium''] (ODB) 1:293; Janin, Eglises CP, 161-71 and the end map entitled "Byzance Constantinople," ref. D2; George P. Majeska, Russian Travelers to Constantinople in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth CenturiesBlachernae, Pontikonisi (WashingtonCorfu, D.C.: 1984Greece), 333-337.</ref> ::From the time of the Patriarch Timotheos [511-18] there was a procession&mdash;the "panhgur j"&mdash;which took place each Friday from Blachernai to the *Church of the ChalkoprateiaBlachernae, near [[Hagia Sophia]], at the other end of the city.<ref>[http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/byzans-l/log.started941201/mail-21.html Janin, Eglises CP, 177].</ref> :'''''The Circular Chapel''''' Peloponneso ("Soros"Greece)::The chapel of the Virgin's robe was covered in silver and considered a "reliquary of architectural dimensions." Lay people were not allowed inside but could pray in the main church.<ref>[http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/byzans-l/log.started941201/mail-21.html ''ODB, ''] 3:1929.</ref> There was a specific icon, the [[Panagia Hagiosoritissa]], associated with this shrine.<ref>[http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/byzans-l/log.started941201/mail-21.html ''ODB''] 3:2171.</ref> * The Church of Vlacherna, Peloponneso:A majestic 12th century church decorated with beautiful frescoes of St. John the Baptist.* The Church of Vlacherna, Pontikonisi (Corfu, Greece)''
*Isle of Dias, village of Kalligata (Kefalonia, Greece)
==Monasteries==
*Panagia Vlahernon Blahernon (Corfu, Greece) - , 17th century.
*[[Panagia Vlahernon Greek Orthodox Monastery (Williston, Florida)]]
==References==
<small><references/></small> ==See also==* [[Panagia the Life Giving Spring]]* [[Life-giving Fount of the Theotokos]]* [[Theotokos of Tikhvin]]
==Sources==
*[http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/subject/hd/fak7/hist/o1/logs/byzans-l/log.started941201/mail-21.html Paul Halsall - Response on Blachernae enquiry]
*[http://www.paleks.com/icons.htm Russian Traditions]
*[http://www.iconsexplained.com/iec/00019.htm The Virgin of Orans explained]
==External links==
*[http://www.icon.lt/list/blachernae.htm Article on the Blachernae Icon of the Mother of God "Hodegetria"]
*[http://www.mgr.org/TheVeil.html Article on Protection of the Mother of God] - Church of the Panagia Blachernae
*[http://www.guide-martine.com/istanbul_3.asp Travel Guide to Turkey]
[[Category:Icons of the Theotokos]]
[[Category:Theotokonymia]]
[[el:Παναγία των Βλαχερνών]]
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