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Julian the Apostate

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Though he encouraged the restoration of pagan temples, Julian appeared not to practice the civic paganism of the pre-Constantine empire, but rather associated himself with a magical approach to the classical philosophies called ''theurgy'' or ''neoplatonism''. In any event, his practices were not Christian. He believed himself to be Alexander the Great in another body through the transmigration of souls, as taught by Plato and Pythagoras. He wrote a number of controversial works, some of which have survived, including philosophical treatises, hymns, and of course satires or critiques of Christianity and [[Constantine the Great]].
In 362, Julian began a campaign against the Persians in the east. There, on [[June 26]], 363, Julian received a fatal wound during the Battle of Ctesiphon, a victorious but inconclusive battle. He had not worn any armor, either through confidence of a victory or through haste or forgetfulness. With his death the last formal opposition to Christianity ended, and, in February 380, [[Theodosius the Great (Emperor)|Theodosius I ]] (Theodosius the Great) published the edict that all his subjects should profess Christianity.
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