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Gabriel IV of Constantinople

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His All Holiness '''Gabriel IV of Constantinople''' was the Patriarch of Constantinople from 1780 to 1785.
Upon becoming [[patriarch]], Patr. Gabriel was confronted with the situation of the defrocked and excommunicated [[hieromonk]] [[Athanasius Parios]], of the Mount Athos spiritual Kollyvades Movement, who had been condemned by Patr. [[Sophronios Sophronius II of Constantinople|Sophronios Sophronius II]] and the Holy Synod of Constantinople in 1776 as a [[heretic]]. On appeal to Patr. Gabriel and his Synod of Bishops, Athanasius Parios successfully defended himself of the charges of [[heresy]] and regained [[communion]] and his [[priest]]hood in 1781.
During the seventeenth century many of the Orthodox [[monastery|monasteries]], during the time of Turkish occupation, moved to an idiorrythmic organization wherein the [[abbot]] was replaced by a number of "trustees" that changed each year. As this organizational concept affected the rule for the monasteries of [[Mount Athos]], Patr. Gabriel blessed the new [[typikon]] for the monasteries of Mount Athos in 1783. This typikon has regulated the life of the [[monasticism|monastic]] republic of Mount Athos ever since.
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