Changes

The development of modern science dates to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, so no [[ecumenical council]] has ever addressed how to integrate it with divine revelation in a coherent and consistent worldview. As a result, there is not a dogmatic treatment examining how to resolve conflicts, whether apparent or real, when scientific findings appear to contradict divine revelation. Many early Fathers fathers were happy to use the primitive science of their day to divine purposes, perhaps suggesting to modern Christians a compatibilist resolution to the question. Other Fathersfathers, however, clearly see conflicts and contradictions which they resolve in favor of their understanding of Christian revelation.

* Bouteneff, Peter, ''Beginnings: Ancient Christian Readings of the Biblical Creation Narratives.'' Baker Academic, 2008. Provides Scriptural and patristic background for discussions of the doctrine of creation. Bouteneff is Assistant Professor of Dogmatic Theology at [[St. Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary (Crestwood, New York)|St Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary]]. [[Andrew Louth]] writes: "Bouteneff presents a carefully researched and scholarly reading of early Christian readings of the creation account in Genesis. What emerges is a range of interlocking insights into God's creative purpose and the human place in the cosmos. Genesis 1–3 is seen as neither a myth nor an outdated scientific account, but a poem of creation, yielding deeper meanings upon closer ponderings. Bouteneff unveils the often surprising riches of our patristic inheritance witha rare intelligence and passion." ISBN 0801032332* [[Patrick Henry Reardon|Reardon, Fr. Patrick Henry]], ''Creation and the Patriarchal Histories: Orthodox Christian Reflections on the Book of Genesis.'' Conciliar Press, 2008. ISBN 9781888212969 :— According to the review by Fr. Hans Jacobse, editor of OrthodoxyToday.org, the author writes that the structures of philosophical materialism (evolutionary theory and its flip-side, scientific creationism), both miss the point; that Genesis reveals that the creation is ''logo-centric'' -- it was created by the Word of God, and it is held together by the Word of God's power. The word of Scripture, then, is primarily a literary text, not history (itself a narrative) or a scientific tract. *[[Seraphim Rose|Rose, Fr Seraphim]], ''Genesis, Creation, and Early Man'' — Contains a detailed examination of Patristic teaching related cosmology and anthropology as contrasted to the discussion theory of evolution and argues along the lines of modern creation science. '''Incompatibilist'''

*Breck, Archpriest John V. [http://www.oca.org/CHRISTreflections/fr.-lifejohn-article.asp?SID=6&ID=148&MONTH=February&YEAR=2008 breck/ex-nihilo-1 "Ex Nihilo"] Life in Christ, February 2008 #1.

*Kuraev, Fr. Deacon Andrey, [http://www.hvmla.org/library/evolution.html "Can an Orthodox Become an Evolutionist?"]*Kuraev, Fr. Deacon Andrey, ; [http://www.sullivan-county.com/id4/ort_creation.htm "Orthodoxy and Creationism"]

*McDowell, Maria Gwyn, [http://deiprofundis.org/2010/jun/14/monopoly-darwinisn-open-letter-met-hilarion-alfeyev "The 'Monopoly of Darwinism': An open letter to Metropolitan Hilarion Alfeyev"]*[[George Metallinos|Metallinos]], V. Rev. Prof. Dr. George, [http://www.orthodoxresearchinstitute.org/articles/patrology/metallinos_faith_and_science.htm "Faith and Science in Orthodox Gnosiology and Methodology"] Very briefly mentions evolution, but overall states the traditional Orthodox position of separation between divine and earthly knowledge.*Mileant, [[Alexander (Mileant) of Buenos Aires|Bishop Alexander of Buenos Aires]] and South America (ROCOR), . ''[http://www.fatheralexander.org/booklets/english/creation_man_a_mileant_e.htm "On The Origins of the World and Mankind: An Attempt to Reconcile the Appearance"Biblical Account with Scientific Discoveries]''. Transl. by Karyn and Michael Grigoriev. Ed. by Natalia Semyanko. Holy Trinity Orthodox Mission, La Canada, California, 2004.

*[[Kallistos (Ware) of Diokleia|Ware, Metropolitan Kallistos]], [http://wwwvideo.youtubegoogle.com/watchvideoplay?vdocid=H76rL6wN-F 1088949815257678826 "Orthodoxy and Evolution"], video: answer to a question asked in a forum lecture on "Salvation in Christ" at Seattle Pacific University. The question on faith and science and evolutionary theory comes at the end, at the 1:29:30 mark.

*Christensen, Fr. Damascene, [http://www.pravoslavie.ru/enarticles/060222155510 "Interview with Fr. Damascene"] Monk Hieromonk Damascene speaks about the creation with reference to patristic view of creationliterature.

*Moss, Vladimir [http://www.orthodoxchristianbooks.com/downloads/130_WHAT_IS_MAN.pdf "Twelve Lectures on the Nature of Man"] Chapter 11 of this work, entitled "Created Soul or Evolving Body?" confronts the issue of evolution from a Patristic framework.*Orthodox Way of Life blog [http://orthodoxwayoflife.blogspot.com/2009/11/is-man-responsible-for-condition-of.html Is Man Responsible for the Condition of the Environment?] Although this post does not directly address the question of evolution, it does present a thoroughly literal interpretation of the Genesis creation account.*[[Seraphim Rose|Rose, Fr. Seraphim]], [http://www.creatio.orthodoxy.ru/english/rose_genesis/index.html "Genesis, Creation and Early Man: The Orthodox Christian Vision"] This page presents , several chapters from Fr. Seraphim's book on creation from the ; [http://www.orthodoxinfo.com/phronema/evolution_frseraphim_kalomiros.aspx "Genesis and Early Man: The Orthodox patristic perspectiveunderstanding"], a letter to Dr. Alexandre Kalomiros. *[[Seraphim RoseLuke (Voino-Yasenetsky) of Simferopol and Crimea|RoseVoino-Yasenetsky, Fr. SeraphimSt Luke]], [http://www.orthodoxinfoimpantokratoros.comgr/phronema/evolution_frseraphim_kalomiros8C1597E5.en.aspx "Science and Religion"] In a fuller version of this work he writes: "Darwinism, which declares that man, by means of evolution, has developed from the lower species of animals, and is not a product of the creative act of the Godhead, has turned out to be merely a supposition, a hypothesis, which has become obsolete even for science. This hypothesis has been acknowledged as contradictory not only to the Bible, but to nature itself, which jealously strives to preserve the purity of each species, and knows of no transition even from a sparrow to a swallow. There are no known facts of a transition of an ape into a man." "Nakuya i religiya" (Science and Religion), Troitskoye slovo (Trinity Word), 2001, pp. 41-42, as quoted in Fr. Seraphim Rose, "Genesis , Creation, and Early Man: The Orthodox patristic understanding"](2011), p. 809.