Difference between revisions of "Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia"

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{{church|
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name=Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia[[Image:Czechslovakia logo.gif|center|Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia]]|
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founder=Ss. [[Cyril and Methodius]]|
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independence=1951, 1998 |
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recognition=1951 by [[Church of Russia|Moscow]], 1998 by [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]] |
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primate=[[Christopher (Pulets) of Prague|Metr. Christopher]]|
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hq=Prešov, Slovakia|
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territory=Czech Republic and Slovakia|
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possessions=—|
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language=[[Church Slavonic]]|
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music=[[Prostopinije]]/Choral|
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calendar=[[Julian Calendar|Julian]], [[Revised Julian Calendar|Revised Julian]]|
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population=71,000|
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website=[http://www.pravoslav.gts.cz/ Church of Czech Lands and Slovakia]
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}}
  
The '''Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia''' is a self-governing body of the Orthodox Christian church that territorially covers the countries of the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia. The current ruling hierarch His Beatitude, Metropolitan Nicholas of Presov reposed on January 30,2006.  
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The '''Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia''' is a [[autocephaly|self-governing body]] of the Orthodox Christian church that territorially covers the countries of the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia. The [[primate]] is His Beatitude, Metropolitan [[Christopher (Pulets) of Prague|Christopher of Prague]] and the Czech Lands and Slovakia, who was elected on [[May 2]], 2006.  
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
The Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia presents both an ancient history as well as a very modern history. The present day Church occupies the lands, Moravia, where the brothers SS. Cyril and Methodius began their mission to the Slavs, introducing the liturgical and canonical order of the Orthodox Eastern Church, translated into the Slavic language. In doing this they developed the first slavic alphabet. This mission was destroyed after Methodius died in 885, as Pope Stephen V of Rome forced all disciples of the brothers to leave the countryside which now is the Czech Republic. The Orthodox order survived in present day Slovakia due to its nearness and influence to Kievian Russia until the union with Rome was instituted by the Viennese Court.
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The Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia presents both an ancient history as well as a very modern history. The present day church occupies the land of Moravia, where the brothers Ss. [[Cyril and Methodius]] began their mission to the Slavs, introducing the liturgical and canonical order of the [[Orthodox Church]], translated into the [[Church Slavonic]] language. In doing this they developed the first Slavic alphabet. This mission was destroyed after Methodius died in 885, as Pope [[Stephen V of Rome]] forced all disciples of the brothers to leave the countryside which is now the Czech Republic. The Orthodox order survived in present day Slovakia due to its nearness and influence to Kievan Russia until the union with Rome was instituted by the Viennese Court.
  
After the legal restrains to Orthodoxy were removed with the end of World War I, many people left the Roman Catholic Church. Many looked to the Serbian Orthodox Church as parts of the Serbian church had been within the pre-war union. Among those seeking the Orthodox church was a Roman Catholic priest, Matthias Pavlik, who had been interested in Orthodox Christianity for years. The [[Church of Serbia]], thus, consented to consecrate Fr. Matthias as a bishop of the Orthodox Church with the name [[Gorazd (Pavlik) of Prague|Gorazd]].
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After the legal restraints to Orthodoxy were removed with the end of World War I, many people left the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. Many looked to the [[Church of Serbia|Serbian Orthodox Church]] as parts of the Serbian church had been within the pre-war union. Among those seeking the Orthodox church was a Roman Catholic priest, Matthias Pavlik, who had been interested in Orthodox Christianity for years. The [[Church of Serbia]] thus consented to [[consecration of a bishop|consecrate]] Fr. Matthias as a bishop of the Orthodox Church with the name [[Gorazd (Pavlik) of Prague|Gorazd]].
  
On [[September 25]], 1921 Archimandrite Gorazd was consecrated [[Bishop]] of Moravia and Silesia at the Cathedral of the Holy Archangel Michael in Belgrade, Yugoslavia by [[Patriarch]] Dimitri of Serbia. Bp. Gorazd (Pavlik) is considered to be in the succession from Archbishop Methodius of Moravia and bears the name of one of St. Methodius's disciples and successor, Bp. Gorazd.
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On [[September 25]], 1921, Archimandrite Gorazd was consecrated [[Bishop]] of Moravia and Silesia at the Cathedral of the Holy Archangel Michael in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, by [[Patriarch]] Dimitri of Serbia. Bp. Gorazd (Pavlik) is considered to be in the succession from Archbishop Methodius of Moravia and bears the name of one of St. Methodius's disciples and successor, Bp. Gorazd.
  
As the Orthodox leader in the new nation of Czechoslovakia, Bp. Gorazd laid the foundations of the Orthodox Church throughout Bohemia, Moravia, and into Slovakia. In Bohemia, he oversaw the building of eleven churches and two chapels. He also had published the essential books for the conduct of church service that were translated in the Czech language. He provided aid to those in Slovakia and Subcarpathian Russia which then were part of Czechoslovakia, and who wanted to return to their ancestral Orthodox faith. Thus, in the intra war period, Bp. Gorazd built the small Czech [[church]] that during World War II would show how firmly it was connected to the Czech nation.
+
As the Orthodox leader in the new nation of Czechoslovakia, Bp. Gorazd laid the foundations of the Orthodox Church throughout Bohemia, Moravia, and into Slovakia. In Bohemia, he oversaw the building of eleven churches and two chapels. He also published the essential books for the conduct of church services that were translated in the Czech language. He provided aid to those in Slovakia and Subcarpathian Russia which then were part of Czechoslovakia, and who wanted to return to their ancestral Orthodox faith from the [[Unia]]. Thus, in the interbellum period, Bp. Gorazd built the small Czech church that during World War II would show how firmly it was connected to the Czech nation.
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[[Image:Pravoslavny katedralni chram sv. Cyrila a Metodeje Resslova Praha.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral in Prague, Czech Republic]]
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As Hitler and his Nazis swept through Europe, a harsh rule descended on each nation. Czechoslovakia was no different as it suffered under the rule of Hitler's heir apparent, Reichsprotector Reinhard Heydrich. After the [[May 27]], 1942, assassination attack on Heydrich's car near the [[Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral (Prague, Czech Republic)|Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral]] in Prague, Czech patriots took refuge in the [[crypt]] of the cathedral before continuing their escape. They were aided by senior church [[laity|laymen]], who kept Bp. Gorazd informed. However, their presence was discovered by the Nazis, and on [[June 18]] the Nazis attacked their hiding place in the cathedral, killing them. The Orthodox [[priest]]s, laymen, and Bp. Gorazd were arrested and killed by firing squads on [[September 4]], 1942.  
  
As Hitler and his Nazis swept through Europe, a harsh rule descended on each nation. Czechoslovakia was no different as it suffered under the rule of Hitler’s heir apparent, Reichsprotector Reinhard Heydrich. After the [[May 27]], 1942 assassination attack on Heydrich's car near the [[Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral (Prague, Czech Republic)|Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral]] in Prague, the Czech patriots took refuge in the [[crypt]] of the Cathedral before continuing their escape. They were aided in this by senior church laymen and about which Bp. Gorazd was informed. However, their presence was discovered by the Nazis, and on [[June 18]] the Nazis attacked their hiding place in the Cathedral, killing them. The Orthodox [[priest]]s, laymen, and Bp. Gorazd were arrested and killed by firing squads on [[September 4]], 1942.  
+
In reprisal the Nazis forbade the church to operate in Bohemia and Moravia. Churches and chapels were closed, and a rounding up of Czechs was conducted, including the whole village of Lidice, whose inhabitants were either killed or sent to forced labor camps. For the Orthodox the whole church fell under the Nazi persecution and was decimated. A total of 256 Orthodox priests and laymen were executed, and church life came to a stop.  
  
In reprisal the Nazis forbid the church to operate in Bohemia and Moravia, the churches and chapels were closed, and a round up of Czechs was conducted, including the whole village of Lidice, whose inhabitants were either killed or sent off to forced labor camps. For the Orthodox the whole church fell under the Nazi persecutions and was decimated. A total of 256 Orthodox priests and lay people were executed, and church life came to a stop.  
+
After World War II the Orthodox Church in Czechoslovakia began its recovery without its beloved bishop. On [[December 9]], 1951, the Patriarch of Moscow granted [[autocephaly]] to the Orthodox Church of Czechoslovakia, though this action was not recognized by Constantinople, which regarded the Czechoslovakian church as being [[autonomy|autonomous]] under its authority. The Patriarch of Constantinople later granted a [[tomos]] of [[autocephaly]] on [[August 27]], 1998.
  
After World War II the Orthodox Church in Czechoslovakia began its recovery, without its beloved bishop. On [[December 9]], 1951, the Patriarch of Moscow granted an [[autocephalous]] status to the Orthodox Church of Czechoslovakia. The Patriarch of Constantinople followed on August 27, 1998 with a [[Tomos]] of [[autocephaly]].
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The [[martyr]]dom of Bp. Gorazd was recognized by the Serbian Orthodox Church on [[May 4]], 1961, which glorified Gorazd as a [[New Martyr]]. Subsequently, on [[August 24]], 1987, he was [[glorification|glorified]] at the Cathedral of St. Gorazd in Olomouc, Moravia.
 
 
The [[martyr]]dom of Bp. Gorazd was recognized by the Serbian Orthodox Church on [[May 4]], 1961, as a New Martyr. Subsequently, on [[August 24]], 1987 he was glorified at the Cathedral of St. Gorazd in Olomouc, Moravia.
 
  
 
==Administration==
 
==Administration==
After the Czech and Slovak Republics separated into independent republics in 1993, activity continued in each country as separate legal entities: in the Czech Republic as the '''Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands''' and in the Slovak Republic as the '''Orthodox Church in Slovakia''', but canonical unity was maintained as the '''Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia'''. The Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia is now organized into four eparchies divided into two administrative centers: the Metropolitan Council for the Czech Republic resident in Prague and the Metropolitan Council for the Slovak Republic in Presov. Under the Council in Prague are the eparchies of Prague and Olomouc-Brno, while the eparchies of Presov, and Michalovce are under the Council for Slovakia.  
+
After the Czech and Slovak Republics separated into independent republics in 1993, activity continued in each country as separate legal entities: in the Czech Republic as the '''Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands''' and in the Slovak Republic as the '''Orthodox Church in Slovakia''', but canonical unity was maintained as the '''Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia'''. The church is now organized into four [[eparchy|eparchies]] divided into two administrative centers: the Metropolitan Council for the Czech Republic resident in Prague and the Metropolitan Council for the Slovak Republic in Presov. Under the Council in Prague are the eparchies of Prague and Olomouc-Brno, while the eparchies of Presov, and Michalovce are under the Council for Slovakia.  
  
After the repose of His Beatitude, [[Metropolitan]] Dorotheus of Prague and All Czechoslovakia, [[Archbishop]] Nicholas of Presov was elected the new Metropolitan and the Church’s primatial see was moved from Prague to Presov. Metr. Nicholas reposed on [[January 30]], 2006.  
+
After the repose of His Beatitude, [[Metropolitan]] [[Dorotheus (Filipp) of Prague|Dorotheus]] of Prague and All Czechoslovakia, [[Archbishop]] Nicholas of Presov was elected the new metropolitan, and the church's primatial see was moved from Prague to Presov. Metr. Nicholas reposed on [[January 30]], 2006, and was replaced by Archbishop Christopher of Prague and the Czech Lands (elected [[May 2]], 2006).
  
In the Czech Republic, there are 82 [[parish]]es with 51 in Bohemia and 31 in Moravia and Silesia. In the Republic of Slovakia, there are 69 parishes in the [[eparchy]] of Presov and 21 parishes in the eparchy of Michalovce. The Orthodox Theological Faculty of the University of Presov provides an education for future [[priest]]s of combined Church. The faculty maintains a detached branch in Olomouc.
+
In the Czech Republic, there are 82 [[parish]]es, with 51 in Bohemia and 31 in Moravia and Silesia. In the Republic of Slovakia, there are 69 parishes in the [[eparchy]] of Presov and 21 in the eparchy of Michalovce. The Orthodox Theological Faculty of the University of Presov provides an education for future [[priest]]s of combined Church. The faculty maintains a detached branch in Olomouc.
  
 
The Monastery of St. Procopius of Sazava is located in Most, and that of the Dormition in Vilemov.
 
The Monastery of St. Procopius of Sazava is located in Most, and that of the Dormition in Vilemov.
  
== External Links ==
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==External links==
* [http://www.pravoslavnacirkev.cz/ Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands]
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*[http://www.pravoslavnacirkev.cz/ Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands]
* [http://www.orthodox.sk/ Orthodox Church in Slovakia]
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*[http://www.orthodox.sk/ Orthodox Church in Slovakia]
 +
*[http://www.cnewa.org/ecc-bodypg-us.aspx?eccpageID=26&IndexView=toc Eastern Christian Churches: The Orthodox Church in Czech and Slovak Republics], a scholarly text by Ronald Roberson, CSP, a Roman Catholic priest and Eastern Christianity scholar
  
 
{{churches}}
 
{{churches}}
  
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[[Category:Czech and Slovakian Dioceses| ]]
 
[[Category:Jurisdictions|Czech Lands and Slovakia]]
 
[[Category:Jurisdictions|Czech Lands and Slovakia]]
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[[es:Iglesia Ortodoxa de Chequia y Eslovaquia]]
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[[fr:Église de Tchéquie et de Slovaquie]]
 +
[[ro:Biserica Ortodoxă a Cehiei şi Slovaciei]]
 +
[[ru:Чехословацкая православная церковь]]

Revision as of 16:06, November 9, 2012

Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia
Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia
Founder(s) Ss. Cyril and Methodius
Autocephaly/Autonomy declared 1951, 1998
Autocephaly/Autonomy recognized 1951 by Moscow, 1998 by Constantinople
Current primate Metr. Christopher
Headquarters Prešov, Slovakia
Primary territory Czech Republic and Slovakia
Possessions abroad
Liturgical language(s) Church Slavonic
Musical tradition Prostopinije/Choral
Calendar Julian, Revised Julian
Population estimate 71,000
Official website Church of Czech Lands and Slovakia


The Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia is a self-governing body of the Orthodox Christian church that territorially covers the countries of the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia. The primate is His Beatitude, Metropolitan Christopher of Prague and the Czech Lands and Slovakia, who was elected on May 2, 2006.

History

The Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia presents both an ancient history as well as a very modern history. The present day church occupies the land of Moravia, where the brothers Ss. Cyril and Methodius began their mission to the Slavs, introducing the liturgical and canonical order of the Orthodox Church, translated into the Church Slavonic language. In doing this they developed the first Slavic alphabet. This mission was destroyed after Methodius died in 885, as Pope Stephen V of Rome forced all disciples of the brothers to leave the countryside which is now the Czech Republic. The Orthodox order survived in present day Slovakia due to its nearness and influence to Kievan Russia until the union with Rome was instituted by the Viennese Court.

After the legal restraints to Orthodoxy were removed with the end of World War I, many people left the Roman Catholic Church. Many looked to the Serbian Orthodox Church as parts of the Serbian church had been within the pre-war union. Among those seeking the Orthodox church was a Roman Catholic priest, Matthias Pavlik, who had been interested in Orthodox Christianity for years. The Church of Serbia thus consented to consecrate Fr. Matthias as a bishop of the Orthodox Church with the name Gorazd.

On September 25, 1921, Archimandrite Gorazd was consecrated Bishop of Moravia and Silesia at the Cathedral of the Holy Archangel Michael in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, by Patriarch Dimitri of Serbia. Bp. Gorazd (Pavlik) is considered to be in the succession from Archbishop Methodius of Moravia and bears the name of one of St. Methodius's disciples and successor, Bp. Gorazd.

As the Orthodox leader in the new nation of Czechoslovakia, Bp. Gorazd laid the foundations of the Orthodox Church throughout Bohemia, Moravia, and into Slovakia. In Bohemia, he oversaw the building of eleven churches and two chapels. He also published the essential books for the conduct of church services that were translated in the Czech language. He provided aid to those in Slovakia and Subcarpathian Russia which then were part of Czechoslovakia, and who wanted to return to their ancestral Orthodox faith from the Unia. Thus, in the interbellum period, Bp. Gorazd built the small Czech church that during World War II would show how firmly it was connected to the Czech nation.

Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral in Prague, Czech Republic

As Hitler and his Nazis swept through Europe, a harsh rule descended on each nation. Czechoslovakia was no different as it suffered under the rule of Hitler's heir apparent, Reichsprotector Reinhard Heydrich. After the May 27, 1942, assassination attack on Heydrich's car near the Ss. Cyril and Methodius Cathedral in Prague, Czech patriots took refuge in the crypt of the cathedral before continuing their escape. They were aided by senior church laymen, who kept Bp. Gorazd informed. However, their presence was discovered by the Nazis, and on June 18 the Nazis attacked their hiding place in the cathedral, killing them. The Orthodox priests, laymen, and Bp. Gorazd were arrested and killed by firing squads on September 4, 1942.

In reprisal the Nazis forbade the church to operate in Bohemia and Moravia. Churches and chapels were closed, and a rounding up of Czechs was conducted, including the whole village of Lidice, whose inhabitants were either killed or sent to forced labor camps. For the Orthodox the whole church fell under the Nazi persecution and was decimated. A total of 256 Orthodox priests and laymen were executed, and church life came to a stop.

After World War II the Orthodox Church in Czechoslovakia began its recovery without its beloved bishop. On December 9, 1951, the Patriarch of Moscow granted autocephaly to the Orthodox Church of Czechoslovakia, though this action was not recognized by Constantinople, which regarded the Czechoslovakian church as being autonomous under its authority. The Patriarch of Constantinople later granted a tomos of autocephaly on August 27, 1998.

The martyrdom of Bp. Gorazd was recognized by the Serbian Orthodox Church on May 4, 1961, which glorified Gorazd as a New Martyr. Subsequently, on August 24, 1987, he was glorified at the Cathedral of St. Gorazd in Olomouc, Moravia.

Administration

After the Czech and Slovak Republics separated into independent republics in 1993, activity continued in each country as separate legal entities: in the Czech Republic as the Orthodox Church in the Czech Lands and in the Slovak Republic as the Orthodox Church in Slovakia, but canonical unity was maintained as the Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia. The church is now organized into four eparchies divided into two administrative centers: the Metropolitan Council for the Czech Republic resident in Prague and the Metropolitan Council for the Slovak Republic in Presov. Under the Council in Prague are the eparchies of Prague and Olomouc-Brno, while the eparchies of Presov, and Michalovce are under the Council for Slovakia.

After the repose of His Beatitude, Metropolitan Dorotheus of Prague and All Czechoslovakia, Archbishop Nicholas of Presov was elected the new metropolitan, and the church's primatial see was moved from Prague to Presov. Metr. Nicholas reposed on January 30, 2006, and was replaced by Archbishop Christopher of Prague and the Czech Lands (elected May 2, 2006).

In the Czech Republic, there are 82 parishes, with 51 in Bohemia and 31 in Moravia and Silesia. In the Republic of Slovakia, there are 69 parishes in the eparchy of Presov and 21 in the eparchy of Michalovce. The Orthodox Theological Faculty of the University of Presov provides an education for future priests of combined Church. The faculty maintains a detached branch in Olomouc.

The Monastery of St. Procopius of Sazava is located in Most, and that of the Dormition in Vilemov.

External links


Autocephalous and Autonomous Churches of Orthodoxy
Autocephalous Churches
Four Ancient Patriarchates: Constantinople · Alexandria · Antioch · Jerusalem
Russia · Serbia · Romania · Bulgaria · Georgia · Cyprus · Greece · Poland · Albania · Czech Lands and Slovakia · OCA* · Ukraine*
Autonomous Churches
Sinai · Finland · Estonia* · Japan* · China* · Ukraine*
The * designates a church whose autocephaly or autonomy is not universally recognized.