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* [[w:Abraham ibn Ezra|Ibn Ezra]], Abraham ben Meïr, (1092-1167). ''Ibn Ezra's Commentary on the Pentateuch: Genesis (Bereshit)''. (Vol.1 - Genesis). Transl. and annotated by H. Norman Strickman & Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub. Co., New York, N.Y., 1988. ISBN 9780932232076
* John McClintock, James Strong. ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=PsosAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Cyclopedia of Biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical literature: Supplement]''. V.2. Harper, 1887.
* Prof. Fr. Arsenius John Baptist Vuibert ([[w:Society of Saint-Sulpice|S.S.]]). ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=OJQWAAAAYAAJ&printsec=toc&source=gbs_navlinks_s An Ancient History: From the Creation to the Fall of the Western Empire in A.D. 476].'' Baltimore: Foley, 1886.
* [[w:Samuel Abraham Poznański|Samuel Poznański]]. ''Ben Meir and the Origin of the Jewish Calendar.'' in '''The Jewish Quarterly Review''', Vol. 10, No. 1 (Oct., 1897), pp. 152-161.
* Sir [[w:Thomas Browne|Thomas Browne]]. ''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/pseudodoxia/pseudo61.html Pseudodoxia Epidemica: Book VI. Ch. 1 - Of sundry common opinions Cosmographical and Historical]''. 1646; 6th ed., 1672. pp. 321-330.
no edit summary
:Comp. Agapius a Hieromonk and Nicodemus a Monk. First printed and published A.D.1800. Trans. D. Cummings, from the 5th edition published by John Nicolaides (Kesisoglou the Caesarian) in Athens, Greece in 1908, (Chicago: The Orthodox Christian Educational Society, 1957; Repr., New York, N.Y.: Luna Printing Co., 1983).</ref>
The ''Creation Era'' was gradually replaced in the [[Orthodox Church]] by the ''[[w:Anno Domini|Christian Era]]'', which was utilized initially by Patriarch [[Theophanes I of Constantinople|Theophanes I Karykes]] in 1597, afterwards by Patriarch [[Cyril Lucaris]] in 1626, and then formally established by the Church in 1728.<ref>"Οικουμενικόν Πατριαρχείον", ΘHE, τόμ. 09, εκδ. Μαρτίνος Αθ., Αθήνα 1966, στ. 778. <br>(''"Ecumenical Patriarchate"''. '''Religious and Ethical Encyclopedia''', Vol. 9, Athens, 1966. p.778.).</ref> Meanwhile as Russia received Orthodox Christianity from Byzantium, she inherited the Orthodox Calendar based on the ''Creation Era'' (translated into Slavonic). After the collapse of the Byzantine Empire in 1453, the ''Creation Era'' continued to be used by Russia, which witnessed millennialist movements in Moscow in AD 1492 (7000 AM) due to the end of the church calendar. It was only in 1700 that the ''Creation Era'' in Russia was changed to the [[Julian Calendar]] by [[w:Peter I of Russia|Peter the Great]].<ref>Prof. Charles Ellis (University of Bristol). [http://www.litencyc.com/php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=5547 Russian Calendar (988-1917)]. ''The Literary Encyclopedia''. 25 September, 2008.</ref>. It still forms the basis of traditional Orthodox calendars up to today. September AD 2000 began the year 7509 AM.
==Important Early Calendars==
* [[w:Doukas|Doukas]] (ca.1460). ''Decline and Fall of Byzantium To The Ottoman Turks''. An Annotated Translation by Harry J. Magoulias. Wayne State University Press, 1975. (ISBN 9780814315408)
* [[w:George Syncellus|George Synkellos]]. ''The Chronography of George Synkellos: a Byzantine Chronicle of Universal History from the Creation''. Transl. Prof. Dr. William Adler & Paul Tuffin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
* [[w:Abraham ibn Ezra|Ibn Ezra]], Abraham ben Meïr, (1092-1167). ''Ibn Ezra's Commentary on the Pentateuch: Genesis (Bereshit)''. (Vol.1 - Genesis). Transl. and annotated by H. Norman Strickman & Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub. Co., New York, N.Y., 1988.
* [[w:Sextus Julius Africanus|Julius Africanus]]. ''Extant Writings III. The Extant Fragments of the Five Books of the Chronography of Julius Africanus.''
* [[w:Niketas Choniates|Niketas Choniates]]. ''O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniates.'' Transl. by Harry J. Magoulias. Wayne State University Press, Detroit, 1984.
* George Ogg. ''Hippolytus and the Introduction of the Christian Era.'' in '''Vigiliae Christianae''', Vol.16, No.1 (Mar., 1962), pp.2-18.
* Howlett, J. ''[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03731a.htm Biblical Chronology]''. In '''The Catholic Encyclopedia (New Advent)'''. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908.
* Jack Finegan. ''Handbook of Biblical Chronology: Principles of Time Reckoning in the Ancient World and Problems of Chronology in the Bible''. Hendrickson Publishers, 1998.
* K.A. Worp. ''[https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/1887/9250/1/5_039_134.pdf Chronological Observations on Later Byzantine Documents]''. 1985. University of Amsterdam. (PDF format)
* Paul James-Griffiths. ''[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v26/i2/tradition.asp Creation days and Orthodox Jewish Tradition]''. AnswersinGenesis.org. March 2004.
* Prof. Dr. Roger T. Beckwith (D.D., D.Litt.). ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=PVCUZ7BTD2gC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Enoch+74%22+AND+%22cycle%22&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0 Calendar, Chronology, and Worship: Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity]''. Brill Academic Publishers, 2005. (''Dr Beckwith served for twenty years on the Anglican-Orthodox Commission'').
* Prof. Dr. William Adler. ''Time Immemorial: Archaic History and its Sources in Christian Chronography from Julius Africanus to George Syncellus''. Washington, D.C. : Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1989.
* Rev. Philip Schaff (1819-1893), Ed. ''[[w:Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge|Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge]]''. New Edition, 13 Vols., 1908-14. [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc04/Page_163.html Vol. 4, pp.163].
* Roger S. Bagnall, K. A. Worp. ''The Chronological Systems of Byzantine Egypt''. Zutphen, 1978.
* ''The [[Orthodox Study Bible]]''. St. Athanasius Academy of Orthodox Theology. Elk Grove, California, 2008.
* V. Grumel. ''La Chronologie''. Presses Universitaires France, Paris. 1958.
* Van der Essen, L. ''[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03730b.htm Chronicon Paschale]''. In '''The Catholic Encyclopedia (New Advent)'''. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908.
* Yiannis E. Meimaris. ''Chronological Systems in Roman-Byzantine Palestine and Arabia''. Athens, 1992.
'''19th Century and Earlier'''
* John McClintock, James Strong. ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=PsosAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 Cyclopedia of Biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical literature: Supplement]''. V.2. Harper, 1887.
* Prof. Fr. Arsenius John Baptist Vuibert ([[w:Society of Saint-Sulpice|S.S.]]). ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=OJQWAAAAYAAJ&printsec=toc&source=gbs_navlinks_s An Ancient History: From the Creation to the Fall of the Western Empire in A.D. 476].'' Baltimore: Foley, 1886.
* [[w:Samuel Abraham Poznański|Samuel Poznański]]. ''Ben Meir and the Origin of the Jewish Calendar.'' in '''The Jewish Quarterly Review''', Vol. 10, No. 1 (Oct., 1897), pp. 152-161.
* Sir [[w:Thomas Browne|Thomas Browne]]. ''[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/pseudodoxia/pseudo61.html Pseudodoxia Epidemica: Book VI. Ch. 1 - Of sundry common opinions Cosmographical and Historical]''. 1646; 6th ed., 1672. pp. 321-330.
* ''[http://books.google.ca/books?id=TqcrAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0 The Popular Encyclopedia: being a general dictionary of arts, sciences, literature, biography, history, and political economy].'' (Vol. 3, Part 1). Glasgow: Blackie and Son, 1841.
[[Category:Church History]]
