In Orthodox Christianity, chrism is a prominent part of the baptismal rite in which, under normal circumstances, the newly enlightened (including infants) is anointed with chrism in the mystery of [[chrismation]]. Chrism is used also during the consecration of [[church]]es in which the [[altar]] table and walls are anointed.

Chrism is a mixture of olive oil and aromatic essences following the pattern of the preparation of anointing oil described in [[Exodus]] 30:22-33. Chrism is prepared when needed during [[Holy Week]]. The preparation rite begins on [[Holy Week|Holy Monday]] and ends with the Divine Liturgy on [[Holy Week|Holy Thursday]] when the new chrism is carried in during the [[Great Entrance]] and placed upon the altar table. The chrism is prepared by the ruling [[bishop]] of each [[autocephaly|autocephalous]] church, assisted by members of the [[Holy Synod]]. After its preparation the chrism is distributed to the bishops, who in turn pass it to the [[parish]]es where it is needed.