'''Rubrics''' are liturgical directions. The term comes from the fact that in medieval service books, in which such instructions were written in red (Lat. Latin, ''ruber''), to distinguish them from the text of the service itself.<ref>F.L. Cross & E.A. Livingstone, eds., The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 2nd Ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989), s.v. “Rubrics"Rubrics", p 1207.</ref> Rubrics are found in service books, as well as in liturgical guides that focus exlusively exclusively on such instructions -- &mdash;the primary example being the [[Typikon]] itself, and the numerous modern texts that are based on the instructions found in the Typikon.