Church of Russia - Revision history

Jayhawk7: /* External links */ Fixed broken link to CNEWA website.

2015-02-22T13:15:05Z

‎External links: Fixed broken link to CNEWA website.

Pistevo: OrthodoxWiki:Style Manual (Churches)

2014-02-04T15:45:07Z

Pistevo: moved Russian Orthodox Church to Church of Russia over redirect: In line with OrthodoxWiki:Style Manual (Churches), the article title is 'Church of Russia'.

2014-02-04T15:43:11Z

moved Russian Orthodox Church to Church of Russia over redirect: In line with OrthodoxWiki:Style Manual (Churches), the article title is 'Church of Russia'.

B7elijah: Kievan Rus does not stand for Ukraine only, it was Ukraine, Belarus and the territory of Central Russia

2014-02-01T12:26:28Z

Kievan Rus does not stand for Ukraine only, it was Ukraine, Belarus and the territory of Central Russia

B7elijah: moved Church of Russia to Russian Orthodox Church over redirect: The official spelling is 'Russian Orthodox Church' (ROC), to avoid ambiguity (ROCOR also)

2014-02-01T12:21:03Z

moved Church of Russia to Russian Orthodox Church over redirect: The official spelling is 'Russian Orthodox Church' (ROC), to avoid ambiguity (ROCOR also)

Чръный человек at 12:54, August 15, 2013

2013-08-15T12:54:19Z

Чръный человек: /* Modern Writers */

2013-08-15T12:53:43Z

‎Modern Writers

B7elijah: www.patriarchia.ru, official website

2012-11-28T20:46:19Z

www.patriarchia.ru, official website

Чръный человек: /* The Russian Church (20th century) */

2012-06-06T00:15:06Z

‎The Russian Church (20th century)

Чръный человек: /* Non-Possessors */

2012-06-06T00:10:46Z

‎Non-Possessors

@@ Line 124: / Line 124: @@
 *[http://www.mospat.ru/en/ Department of External Affairs] (Official Website)
 *[http://www.synod.com/synod/indexeng.htm Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia] (Official Website)
-*[http://www.cnewa.org/ecc-bodypg-us.aspx?eccpageID=17&IndexView=toc Orthodox Church of Russia] (CNEWA)
+*[http://www.cnewa.org/default.aspx?ID=17&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=HQ&pageno=1 Article on the Orthodox Church of Russia by Ronald Roberson on the CNEWA web site]
 *[http://www.risu.org.ua/library/doc/MP_canter.pdf "The Canonical Territory of the Moscow Patriarchate" by J. Buciora] (Article)
 *[http://regels.org/rushistory-1.htm Church in history of Russia. Lev Regelson.]

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 website=[http://www.patriarchia.ru/ Russian Orthodox Church]
 }}
-The '''Russian Orthodox Church''', also referred to as the '''Moscow Patriarchate''', '''Russian Church''' and the '''Church of Russia''', is one of the [[autocephalous]] Local Orthodox Churches, ranking fifth after the Churches of [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], [[Church of Alexandria|Alexandria]], [[Church of Antioch|Antioch]], and [[Church of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]. It exercises [[jurisdiction]] over the Orthodox Christians living in the former member republics of the USSR and their diasporas abroad. It also exercises jurisdiction over the autonomous [[Church of Japan]] and the Orthodox Christians living in the People's Republic of China. The current Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia is His Holiness [[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Cyril I]].
+The '''Church of Russia''', known officially as the '''Russian Orthodox Church''' and also referred to as the '''Moscow Patriarchate''', is one of the [[autocephalous]] Local Orthodox Churches, ranking fifth after the Churches of [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], [[Church of Alexandria|Alexandria]], [[Church of Antioch|Antioch]], and [[Church of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]. It exercises [[jurisdiction]] over the Orthodox Christians living in the former member republics of the USSR and their diasporas abroad. It also exercises jurisdiction over the autonomous [[Church of Japan]] and the Orthodox Christians living in the People's Republic of China. The current Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia is His Holiness [[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Kyrill I]].
 ==Jurisdiction==

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 primate=[[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Patr. Kyrill I]]|
 hq=Moscow, Russia|
-territory=Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan and orther former Soviet republics|
+territory=Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan and other former Soviet republics|
 possessions=United States, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, Western Europe, China|
 language=[[Church Slavonic]]|
@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 calendar=[[Julian Calendar|Julian]]|
 population=90,000,000[http://www.cnewa.org/ecc-bodypg.aspx?eccpageID=17]|
-website=[http://www.patriarchia.ru/ Church of Russia]
+website=[http://www.patriarchia.ru/ Russian Orthodox Church]
 }}
-The '''Church of Russia''', also referred to as the '''Moscow Patriarchate''' and known officially as the '''Russian Orthodox Church''', is one of the [[autocephalous]] Local Orthodox Churches, ranking fifth after the Churches of [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], [[Church of Alexandria|Alexandria]], [[Church of Antioch|Antioch]], and [[Church of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]. It exercises [[jurisdiction]] over the Orthodox Christians living in the former member republics of the USSR and their diasporas abroad. It also exercises jurisdiction over the autonomous [[Church of Japan]] and the Orthodox Christians living in the People's Republic of China. The current Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia is His Holiness [[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Cyril I]].
+The '''Russian Orthodox Church''', also referred to as the '''Moscow Patriarchate''', '''Russian Church''' and the '''Church of Russia''', is one of the [[autocephalous]] Local Orthodox Churches, ranking fifth after the Churches of [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]], [[Church of Alexandria|Alexandria]], [[Church of Antioch|Antioch]], and [[Church of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]]. It exercises [[jurisdiction]] over the Orthodox Christians living in the former member republics of the USSR and their diasporas abroad. It also exercises jurisdiction over the autonomous [[Church of Japan]] and the Orthodox Christians living in the People's Republic of China. The current Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia is His Holiness [[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Cyril I]].
 ==Jurisdiction==
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 ===Mongol Tartars over Russia (1237-1448) ===
-In the 12th century, the period of feudal divisions, the Kievan-Rus' Church (present day Ukraine) remained the only bearer of the idea of unity of the people, resisting the centrifugal aspirations and feudal strife among Rus' princes. Even the Tartar invasion, this greatest ever misfortune that struck Rus' in the 13th century, failed to break the Orthodox Church. The Church managed to survive as a real force and was the comforter of the people in their plight. It made a great spiritual, material and moral contribution to the restoration of the political unity of Russia as a guarantee of its future victory over the invaders.
+In the 12th century, the period of feudal divisions, the Kievan-Rus' Church remained the only bearer of the idea of unity of the people, resisting the centrifugal aspirations and feudal strife among Rus' princes. Even the Tartar invasion, this greatest ever misfortune that struck Rus' in the 13th century, failed to break the Orthodox Church. The Church managed to survive as a real force and was the comforter of the people in their plight. It made a great spiritual, material and moral contribution to the restoration of the political unity of Russia as a guarantee of its future victory over the invaders.
 Also, at this same time, the Grand Duke Alexander of Novgorod, won a great victory on the banks of the Neva' over the Swedes, who had been incited by the Pope to conquer Russia for the Latin Church.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 primate=[[Kyrill I (Gundyayev) of Moscow|Patr. Kyrill I]]|
 hq=Moscow, Russia|
-territory=Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, some former Soviet republics|
+territory=Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan and orther former Soviet republics|
 possessions=United States, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, Western Europe, China|
 language=[[Church Slavonic]]|

@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 {{stub}}
 The Russian Orthodox Church claims about 26,000 parishes.  Out of these, more than 50% (14,700) are in Ukraine.[http://www.risu.org.ua/library/doc/MP_canter.pdf]
 ==See also==

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:43, February 4, 2014
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← Older revision	Revision as of 12:21, February 1, 2014
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 ===The Russian Church (20th century)===
-Early in the 20th century the Russian Church began preparations for convening an [[All-Russian Church Council of 1917-1918|All-Russian Council]]. But it was to be convened only after the 1917 Revolution. Among its major actions was the restoration of the patriarchal office in the Russian Church. The Council elected Metropolitan [[Tikhon of Moscow]] Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' (1917-1925).  St. Tikhon of Moscow exerted every effort to calm the destructive passions kindled up by the revolution.
+Early in the 20th century the Russian Church began preparations for convening an [[All-Russian Church Council of 1917-1918|All-Russian Council]]. But it was to be convened only after the 1917 Revolution. Among its major actions was the restoration of the patriarchal office in the Russian Church. The Council elected Metropolitan [[Tikhon of Moscow]] Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' (1917-1925). St. Tikhon of Moscow exerted every effort to calm the destructive passions kindled up by the revolution.
-When in 1921-1922 the Soviet government demanded that church valuables be given in aid to the population starving because of the failure of crops in 1921, a conflict erupted between the Church and the new authorities who decided to use this situation to demolish the Church to the end. By the beginning of World War II the church structure was almost completely destroyed throughout the country. There were only a few bishops who remained free and who could perform their duties. Some bishops managed to survive in remote parts or under the disguise of priests. Only a few hundred churches were opened for services throughout the Soviet Union. Most of the clergy were either imprisoned in labor camps, where many of them perished, or hid in [[catacombs]], while thousands of priests changed occupation.  World War II forced Stalin to mobilize all the national resources for defense, including the Russian Orthodox Church as the people's moral force. This process, which can be described as a "patriotic union", culminated in Stalin's receiving on September 4, 1943, Patriarchal Locum Tenens Metropolitan [[Sergius I (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergiy Stragorodsky]] and Metropolitan [[Alexei I (Simansky) of Moscow|Alexy Simansky]] and [[Nicholas (Yarushevich) of Kiev|Nikolay Yarushevich]].
+When in 1921-1922 the Soviet government demanded that church valuables be given in aid to the population starving because of the failure of crops in 1921, a conflict erupted between the Church and the new authorities who decided to use this situation to demolish the Church to the end. By the beginning of [[World War II]] the church structure was almost completely destroyed throughout the country. There were only a few bishops who remained free and who could perform their duties. Some bishops managed to survive in remote parts or under the disguise of priests. Only a few hundred churches were opened for services throughout the Soviet Union. Most of the clergy were either imprisoned in labor camps, where many of them perished, or hid in [[catacombs]], while thousands of priests changed occupation.  World War II forced Stalin to mobilize all the national resources for defense, including the Russian Orthodox Church as the people's moral force. This process, which can be described as a "patriotic union", culminated in Stalin's receiving on September 4, 1943, Patriarchal Locum Tenens Metropolitan [[Sergius (Stragorodsky) of Moscow|Sergius (Stragorodsky)]] and Metropolitan [[Alexei I (Simansky) of Moscow|Alexius (Simansky)]] and [[Nicholas (Yarushevich) of Krutitsy|Nicholas (Yarushevich)]].
-The Russian clergy outside the USSR, who rejected demands of loyalty to the Soviet Communist authorities put forth by Sergiy Stragorodsky in 1927 (in the so called [[Declaration of 1927]]), formed the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]].
+The Russian clergy outside the USSR, who rejected demands of loyalty to the Soviet Communist authorities put forth by Sergius (Stragorodsky) in 1927 (in the so called [[Declaration of 1927]]), formed the [[Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia]].
 ==The Russian Orthodox Church today==

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 After the [[fall of Constantinople]] in 1453, there was only one nation that saw itself as capable of assuming leadership in Eastern Christendom. The growing might of the Russian state also contributed to the growing authority of the autocephalous Russian Church.  To the Russian people, it was a sign from God, that at the very moment when the Byzantine Empire was ending, they themselves were throwing off the few remaining vestiges of Tartar control.  To them, Moscow became the [[Third Rome]], a status never acknowledged by the remainder of the Church but nevertheless which served to inspire Russian Orthodox Christians.
-===Non-Possessors ===
+=== Non-Possessors and Josephites ===
-Saint [[Nilus of Sora]] (Nil Sorsky, 1433?-1508), a monk from a remote hermitage in the forests beyond the Volga, launched an attack on the ownership of land by monasteries. St. [[Joseph of Volokolamsk|Joseph, Abbot of Volokolamsk]] (1439-1515), replied in defense of monastic landholding. This became known as the dispute between the "Possessors" and the "Non-Possessors". (Note that both are saints of the Church.)
+Saint [[Nilus of Sora]] (Nil Sorsky, 1433?-1508), a monk from a remote hermitage in the forests beyond the Volga, launched an attack on the ownership of land by monasteries. St. [[Joseph of Volokolamsk|Joseph, hegumen of Volokolamsk]] (1439-1515), replied in defense of monastic landholding. This became known as the dispute between the "Possessors" (Josephites) and the "Non-Possessors". (Note that both are saints of the Church.)
-As the "Third Rome",  the tsar derived his power and right to rule from being God's chosen representative on earth. So, to keep his status, he needed to protect and promote the church. In the Byzantium tradition, the relationship between the church and the state acted as a check on the power of the tsar. The metropolitan and the tsar were equals, and the metropolitan had the right to censure the tsar. The dispute between the Possessors and the Non-Possessors challenged this idea because about a third of the land in Russia belonged to monasteries at this time.
+As the "Third Rome", the tsar derived his power and right to rule from being God's chosen representative on earth. So, to keep his status, he needed to protect and promote the church. In the Byzantium tradition, the relationship between the church and the state acted as a check on the power of the tsar. The metropolitan and the tsar were equals, and the metropolitan had the right to censure the tsar. The dispute between the Possessors and the Non-Possessors challenged this idea because about a third of the land in Russia belonged to monasteries at this time.
 The Possessors and the Non-Possessors held different views about the role the church should play in society and in politics. When the Possessors triumphed, the church gained the right to wealth at the expense of political influence. The tsar became superior to the metropolitan, and could now interfere in secular matters of the church. The tsar was cut off from any source of accountability.