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→List of Ecumenical Councils: Theotokos
* II. [[Second Ecumenical Council|First Council of Constantinople]], ([[381]]); revised the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed|Nicene Creed]] into the present form used in the [[Orthodox Church|Eastern]] and [[Oriental Orthodox]] churches.
* III. [[Third Ecumenical Council|Council of Ephesus]], ([[431]]); repudiated [[Nestorianism]], proclaimed the Virgin Mary as the Mother of God (Greek, [[Theotokos|Η Θεοτόκος;]]).
* IV. [[Fourth Ecumenical Council|Council of Chalcedon]], ([[451]]); repudiated the [[Eutychianism|Eutychian]] doctrine of [[Monophysitism]], described and delineated the two natures of Christ, human and divine; adopted the [[Chalcedonian Creed]]. This and all following councils are not recognized by [[Oriental Orthodox|Oriental Orthodox Communion]].
* IX. [[Ninth Ecumenical Council|Fifth Council of Constantinople]], ([[1341]]-[[1351]]); affirmed [[hesychasm|hesychastic]] theology according to St. [[Gregory Palamas]] and condemned the Westernized philosopher [[Barlaam of Calabria]].
== See also ==